Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, UMR6098, CNRS, Université de la Méditerranée, Case 932, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 9, France.
Biochem J. 2010 Dec 15;432(3):437-44. doi: 10.1042/BJ20101185.
Carbohydrate-active enzymes face huge substrate diversity in a highly selective manner using only a limited number of available folds. They are therefore subjected to multiple divergent and convergent evolutionary events. This and their frequent modularity render their functional annotation in genomes difficult in a number of cases. In the present paper, a classification of polysaccharide lyases (the enzymes that cleave polysaccharides using an elimination instead of a hydrolytic mechanism) is shown thoroughly for the first time. Based on the analysis of a large panel of experimentally characterized polysaccharide lyases, we examined the correlation of various enzyme properties with the three levels of the classification: fold, family and subfamily. The resulting hierarchical classification, which should help annotate relevant genes in genomic efforts, is available and constantly updated at the Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes Database (http://www.cazy.org).
碳水化合物活性酶以仅有限的可用折叠数，以高度选择性的方式面对巨大的底物多样性。因此，它们经历了多种发散和收敛的进化事件。这一点以及它们频繁的模块性使得在许多情况下难以对基因组中的它们的功能进行注释。在本文中，首次彻底展示了多糖裂解酶（使用消除而不是水解机制来裂解多糖的酶）的分类。基于对大量经过实验表征的多糖裂解酶的分析，我们研究了各种酶性质与分类的三个层次（折叠、家族和亚家族）之间的相关性。由此产生的层次分类应该有助于注释基因组研究中的相关基因，可在碳水化合物活性酶数据库（http://www.cazy.org）中获得，并不断更新。
