Professor of Nursing (Older Person Care), School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW, AustraliaSenior Lecturer, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, AustraliaDirector, RDNS Research Unit, Royal District Nursing Service, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Int J Older People Nurs. 2007 Mar;2(1):52-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-3743.2007.00037.x.
Aims and objectives. The objectives were shaped by ways in which to best engage the readers' curiosity about being 100 years old. Background. In the effort to reverse negative stereotyping associated with older people, the aim was to produce a book of individual stories for public readership that had the power to combat ageism and to present alternative constructions. Methods. Twenty-four centenarians were interviewed. Each person was asked to retell, using their own words, something about themselves and the social context that had shaped their lives. Centenarians could select whatever was foremost in their minds; an aspect of their lives that they wanted to share. We asked a few standard questions: What is it like to have lived one hundred years? What, in your opinion, has contributed to longevity? What matters today? A conversational approach to interviewing was adopted with the use of prompts to encourage story telling. Results. Centenarians privileged talking about their early years, childhood, going to school and first employment. Although most people could relate to a country upbringing and fewer years at school, subsequent life experiences and opportunities were diverse. Advice to others who desired a long life was keeping active, leading a simple life, eating well, working hard, maintaining an interest in events and surroundings, helping others and being moderate in all things. Maintaining a sense of humour was thought to be important. Loss of eyesight, mostly in the last few years, had been a profound disruption in the lives, creating new dependencies. Extensive family cohesion and frequent contact with others who cared was a profound feature. There appears to be a matter of fact appraisal of difficulties, losses and sadness but these were considered to be part of life and not particularly extraordinary. It seemed that these people had made a successful transition to living beyond 100 years old by leaving stress behind and moving on. Embedded in the stories of centenarians was a sense of self that was strong and resilient. Conclusions. The book containing 24 separate stories was published by Penguin. Sharing the stories of centenarians provided an opportunity to engage with the public readership and help shape wider social perceptions of older people as worth listening to. Relevance to clinical practice. In this paper, alternatives to dominant stories about ageing are presented and challenge the negative stereotyping of older people and its associated notions of decline, dementia, decay and death. Its relevance to clinical practice is precisely to show that older people are worth listening to. Moreover their ordinary lives make interesting, popular readership. Although the stories were primed to reach a wide public audience, we argue that its health promotion message and our creative effort to combat negative stereotypes can filter to healthcare delivery.
目的和目标。目标是通过最好地激发读者对活到 100 岁的好奇心的方式来制定。背景。为了扭转与老年人相关的负面刻板印象,我们的目标是为公众读者制作一本个人故事集,这本书具有对抗年龄歧视和呈现替代结构的力量。方法。对 24 名百岁老人进行了采访。每个人都被要求用自己的话复述一些关于自己和塑造他们生活的社会背景的事情。百岁老人可以选择他们心目中最重要的事情;他们想要分享的生活的一个方面。我们问了一些标准问题:活到 100 岁是什么感觉?在您看来,是什么促成了长寿?今天什么重要?我们采用了一种对话式的采访方式,并使用提示来鼓励讲故事。结果。百岁老人更愿意谈论他们的早年、童年、上学和第一份工作。虽然大多数人都能与农村出身和在校时间较短相关,但后来的生活经历和机会则多种多样。他们给其他人想要长寿的建议是保持活跃、过简单的生活、吃得好、努力工作、对周围的人和事保持兴趣、帮助他人,以及事事适度。保持幽默感被认为很重要。视力丧失,主要发生在过去几年,给他们的生活带来了严重的干扰,造成了新的依赖。广泛的家庭凝聚力和与关心他们的人的频繁联系是一个深刻的特征。似乎有一种对困难、损失和悲伤的淡然态度,但这些被认为是生活的一部分,并不特别特别。似乎这些人通过放下压力并继续前进,成功地过渡到了 100 岁以上的生活。百岁老人的故事中蕴含着一种强烈而有弹性的自我意识。结论。这本包含 24 个独立故事的书由企鹅出版。分享百岁老人的故事为与公众读者接触提供了机会,并有助于塑造更广泛的社会对老年人的看法,让他们值得倾听。与临床实践的相关性。本文介绍了替代主流老龄化故事的方法,挑战了对老年人的负面刻板印象及其相关的衰退、痴呆、衰退和死亡观念。它与临床实践的相关性恰恰在于表明老年人值得倾听。此外,他们的平凡生活也很有趣,很受读者欢迎。虽然这些故事是为了吸引广大公众而预先设定的,但我们认为,其健康促进信息和我们对抗负面刻板印象的创造性努力可以渗透到医疗保健服务中。