Department of Health Social Science, Monash University, PO Box 197, Caulfield East, Melbourne, Victoria, 3145, Australia.
BMC Public Health. 2010 Oct 8;10:593. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-593.
Parents can influence their children's physical activity participation and screen time.This study examined the relative significance of perceived parental barriers and self-efficacy in relation to children's physical activity participation and screen time viewing. The associations between these factors and the behaviours were analysed.
Cross-sectional population survey in New South Wales, Australia of parents of pre-school (N = 764), younger (Kindergarten, Grades 2 and 4; N = 1557) and older children (Grades 6, 8 and 10; N = 1665). Parents reported barriers and self-efficacy to influence their child's physical activity and screen time behaviours in a range of circumstances. Differences were examined by child's sex and age group, household income, maternal education and location of residence. The duration of physical activity and screen viewing was measured by parental report for pre-school and younger children and self-report for older children. Associations between parental factors and children's organised, non-organised and total activity and screen time were analysed.
Cost, lack of opportunities for participation and transport problems were the barriers most often reported, particularly by low income parents and those in rural areas. The number of barriers was inversely related to children's time spent in organised activity, but not their non-organised activity. Higher parental self-efficacy was positively associated with organised physical activity in the younger and older children's groups and the non-organised activity of older children. School-age children (younger and older groups) were less likely to meet physical activity guidelines when parents reported ≥4 barriers (OR 3.76, 95% CI 1.25-11.34 and OR 3.72, 95% CI 1.71-8.11 respectively). Low parental self-efficacy was also associated with the likelihood of children exceeding screen time guidelines for each age group (pre-school OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.43-0.87; young children OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.39-0.80; and older children OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.43-0.74).
Parental barriers are associated with the time that children spend in both active and sedentary pursuits. These findings highlight family, economic and environmental factors that should be addressed in programs to promote child physical activity and tackle sedentary behaviour.
父母可以影响孩子的身体活动参与和屏幕时间。本研究考察了感知到的父母障碍和自我效能感与儿童身体活动参与和屏幕时间观看之间的相对重要性。分析了这些因素与行为之间的关联。
在澳大利亚新南威尔士州进行了一项横断面人群调查，调查对象为学龄前儿童（N=764）、年龄较小的儿童（幼儿园、2 年级和 4 年级；N=1557）和年龄较大的儿童（6 年级、8 年级和 10 年级；N=1665）的父母。父母报告了在各种情况下影响孩子身体活动和屏幕时间行为的障碍和自我效能感。根据孩子的性别和年龄组、家庭收入、母亲教育程度和居住地的不同，对差异进行了检查。通过父母报告对学龄前和年龄较小的儿童的身体活动和屏幕观看时间进行测量，通过自我报告对年龄较大的儿童的身体活动和屏幕观看时间进行测量。分析了父母因素与儿童有组织、无组织和总活动及屏幕时间之间的关联。
费用、缺乏参与机会和交通问题是最常被报告的障碍，特别是低收入父母和农村地区的父母。障碍的数量与儿童有组织活动的时间呈反比，但与无组织活动的时间无关。较高的父母自我效能感与年龄较小和较大儿童组的有组织身体活动以及年龄较大儿童的无组织活动呈正相关。当父母报告≥4 个障碍时，学龄儿童（年龄较小和较大组）更不可能达到身体活动指南（OR 3.76，95%CI 1.25-11.34 和 OR 3.72，95%CI 1.71-8.11）。低父母自我效能感也与每个年龄组儿童超过屏幕时间指南的可能性相关（学龄前儿童 OR 0.62，95%CI 0.43-0.87；年龄较小的儿童 OR 0.56，95%CI 0.39-0.80；年龄较大的儿童 OR 0.57，95%CI 0.43-0.74）。
父母障碍与儿童积极和久坐行为的时间有关。这些发现强调了家庭、经济和环境因素，这些因素应在促进儿童身体活动和解决久坐行为的计划中加以解决。
