朋友和兄弟姐妹对5至6岁儿童身体活动及屏幕观看行为的影响：对家长访谈的定性分析
The influence of friends and siblings on the physical activity and screen viewing behaviours of children aged 5-6 years: a qualitative analysis of parent interviews.
作者信息
Edwards M J, Jago R, Sebire S J, Kesten J M, Pool L, Thompson J L
机构信息
Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2015 May 14;5(5):e006593. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006593.
OBJECTIVES
The present study uses qualitative data to explore parental perceptions of how their young child's screen viewing and physical activity behaviours are influenced by their child's friends and siblings.
DESIGN
Telephone interviews were conducted with parents of year 1 children (age 5-6 years). Interviews considered parental views on a variety of issues related to their child's screen viewing and physical activity behaviours, including the influence that their child's friends and siblings have over such behaviours. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using deductive content analysis. Data were organised using a categorisation matrix developed by the research team. Coding and theme generation was iterative and refined throughout. Data were entered into and coded within N-Vivo.
SETTING
Parents were recruited through 57 primary schools located in Bristol and the surrounding area that took part in the B-ProAct1v study.
PARTICIPANTS
Fifty-three parents of children aged 5-6 years.
RESULTS
Parents believe that their child's screen viewing and physical activity behaviours are influenced by their child's siblings and friends. Friends are considered to have a greater influence over the structured physical activities a child asks to participate in, whereas the influence of siblings is more strongly perceived over informal and spontaneous physical activities. In terms of screen viewing, parents suggest that their child's friends can heavily influence the content their child wishes to consume, however, siblings have a more direct and tangible influence over what a child watches.
CONCLUSIONS
Friends and siblings influence young children's physical activity and screen viewing behaviours. Child-focused physical activity and screen viewing interventions should consider the important influence that siblings and friends have over these behaviours.
目的
本研究运用定性数据，探讨父母对于其幼儿的屏幕观看和身体活动行为如何受到孩子的朋友和兄弟姐妹影响的看法。
设计
对一年级儿童（5 - 6岁）的父母进行电话访谈。访谈考量了父母对于与其孩子的屏幕观看和身体活动行为相关的各种问题的看法，包括孩子的朋友和兄弟姐妹对这些行为的影响。访谈逐字转录，并采用演绎性内容分析法进行分析。数据使用研究团队开发的分类矩阵进行整理。编码和主题生成是迭代的，并在整个过程中不断完善。数据录入N-Vivo并在其中进行编码。
背景
通过位于布里斯托尔及其周边地区的57所参与B-ProAct1v研究的小学招募家长。
参与者
53名5 - 6岁儿童的家长。
结果
父母认为他们孩子的屏幕观看和身体活动行为受到孩子的兄弟姐妹和朋友的影响。朋友被认为对孩子要求参与的有组织的体育活动影响更大，而兄弟姐妹对非正式和自发的体育活动的影响则更强烈。在屏幕观看方面，父母表示孩子的朋友会严重影响孩子想要观看的内容，然而，兄弟姐妹对孩子观看的内容有更直接和切实的影响。
结论
朋友和兄弟姐妹会影响幼儿的身体活动和屏幕观看行为。以儿童为中心的身体活动和屏幕观看干预措施应考虑到兄弟姐妹和朋友对这些行为的重要影响。
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