Souza Carolina T, Santos Denise C C, Tolocka Rute E, Baltieri Letícia, Gibim Nathália C, Habechian Fernanda A P
Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde (FACIS), Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba (UNIMEP), Piracicaba (SP), Brazil.
Rev Bras Fisioter. 2010 Jul-Aug;14(4):309-15.
To analyze the global motor performance and the gross and fine motor skills of infants attending two public child care centers full-time.
This was a longitudinal study that included 30 infants assessed at 12 and 17 months of age with the Motor Scale of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III). This scale allows the analysis of global motor performance, fine and gross motor performance, and the discrepancy between them. The Wilcoxon test and Spearman's correlation coefficient were used.
Most of the participants showed global motor performance within the normal range, but below the reference mean at 12 and 17 months, with 30% classified as having "suspected delays" in at least one of the assessments. Gross motor development was poorer than fine motor development at 12 and at 17 months of age, with great discrepancy between these two subtests in the second assessment. A clear individual variability was observed in fine motor skills, with weak linear correlation between the first and the second assessment of this subtest. A lower individual variability was found in the gross motor skills and global motor performance with positive moderate correlation between assessments. Considering both performance measurements obtained at 12 and 17 months of age, four infants were identified as having a "possible delay in motor development".
The study showed the need for closer attention to the motor development of children who attend day care centers during the first 17 months of life, with special attention to gross motor skills (which are considered an integral part of the child's overall development) and to children with suspected delays in two consecutive assessments.
分析全日制就读于两家公立日托中心的婴儿的整体运动表现以及大肌肉和小肌肉运动技能。
这是一项纵向研究，纳入了30名婴儿，分别在12个月和17个月时使用贝利婴幼儿发展量表第三版（Bayley-III）的运动量表进行评估。该量表可用于分析整体运动表现、精细和粗大运动表现以及它们之间的差异。采用了威尔科克森检验和斯皮尔曼相关系数。
大多数参与者的整体运动表现在正常范围内，但在12个月和17个月时低于参考均值，30%的参与者在至少一项评估中被归类为“疑似发育迟缓”。在12个月和17个月时，粗大运动发育比精细运动发育差，在第二次评估中这两个子测试之间存在很大差异。在精细运动技能方面观察到明显的个体差异，该子测试的第一次和第二次评估之间的线性相关性较弱。在粗大运动技能和整体运动表现方面个体差异较小，评估之间存在中度正相关。综合考虑在12个月和17个月时获得的两项表现测量结果，有4名婴儿被确定为“可能存在运动发育迟缓”。
该研究表明，需要更加密切关注生命最初17个月内在日托中心接受照料的儿童的运动发育，尤其要关注粗大运动技能（被视为儿童整体发育的一个组成部分）以及在两项连续评估中疑似发育迟缓的儿童。
