Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
Cogn Neuropsychol. 2000 Dec 1;17(8):683-707. doi: 10.1080/026432900750038290.
The present paper evaluated categorical and featural proposals of memory organisation, for explaining the living/nonliving things dissociation observed in semantic memory. The experimental study used the Release from Proactive Interference (PI-release) paradigm. Normal subjects were tested with this task using word vs. picture stimuli in a standard taxonomical PI-release condition (i.e., nonliving to living things) and in a cue condition with attributes that run opposite to the taxonomical shift. Experiments 1 and 2 cued functional attributes (means of transportation; dangerousness), and experiments 3 and 4 cued perceptual attributes (size; number of legs). The overall pattern of PI-release emphasizes the role of functional attributes and the role of structural processing to semantic processing. Implications for the different proposals presented, including possible alternative accounts of the results, are also discussed.
本文评估了记忆组织的范畴和特征性建议，以解释语义记忆中观察到的生物/非生物的分离。实验研究使用了释放前干扰范式。正常受试者在标准分类 PI 释放条件（即从非生物到生物）和具有与分类转变相反的属性提示条件下，使用单词与图片刺激进行了这项任务。实验 1 和 2 提示了功能属性（交通工具；危险性），实验 3 和 4 提示了知觉属性（大小；腿的数量）。PI 释放的总体模式强调了功能属性和结构处理对语义处理的作用。还讨论了对所提出的不同建议的影响，包括对结果的可能替代解释。
