University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA.
Clin Anat. 2011 Jan;24(1):19-33. doi: 10.1002/ca.21058. Epub 2010 Oct 14.
This article provides information regarding the etiology, pathogenesis, and skeletal manifestation of spina bifida or spinal dysraphisms. On the basis of a review of the medical literature, it addresses discrepancies in documentation and interpretation of spina bifida in paleopathology. Furthermore, it offers suggestions for use of universal terminology and highlights the difficulties in the specific diagnosis of dysraphisms in skeletal remains. In addition, the necessity of examining the entire skeleton for abnormalities to distinguish simple delay/failure of fusion of the posterior neural arches from other occult spinal dysraphisms is emphasized, as it is the need for stratification of the sample by age and sex when reporting frequencies of sacral spina bifida occulta.
本文提供了有关脊柱裂或脊髓脊膜膨出的病因、发病机制和骨骼表现的信息。通过对医学文献的回顾，本文解决了古病理学中脊柱裂记录和解释方面的差异。此外，本文还提出了使用通用术语的建议，并强调了在骨骼遗骸中对脊膜膨出进行具体诊断的困难。此外，还强调了需要检查整个骨骼是否存在异常，以区分单纯的后神经弓融合延迟/失败与其他隐匿性脊柱脊膜膨出，并且在报告隐性骶骨脊柱裂的频率时，需要按年龄和性别对样本进行分层。
