Mühl-Benninghaus R
Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Neuroradiologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Kirrberger Straße, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Deutschland.
Radiologe. 2018 Jul;58(7):659-663. doi: 10.1007/s00117-018-0401-9.
Spina bifida is a congenital disorder with incomplete closure of the spinal column due to a bony vertebral defect. The term spina bifida literally means cleft spine and is used as a generic term of spinal dysraphism (Greek: Raphe = seam). It is a midline defect that occurs during the embryonic period. The insufficient closure of one or more vertebral arches is the result of an incomplete junction of the neural tube. Depending on the extent of the neural tube defect, various types of spina bifida can be differentiated. Closed spinal dysraphisms, also known as spina bifida occulta, are solely characterized by a bony defect of the vertebral arch, whereas, spina bifida cystica (synonym: open spina bifida or spina bifida aperta) can be distinguished by a protruding cyst, containing either meninges or meninges in combination with spinal cord tissue and are defined as open spinal dysraphisms.
脊柱裂是一种先天性疾病，由于椎体骨缺损导致脊柱闭合不全。术语“脊柱裂”字面意思是脊柱裂开，用作脊柱发育异常（希腊语：Raphe = 缝）的通用术语。它是胚胎期发生的中线缺陷。一个或多个椎弓闭合不全是神经管不完全连接的结果。根据神经管缺陷的程度，可以区分出各种类型的脊柱裂。闭合性脊柱发育异常，也称为隐性脊柱裂，仅以椎弓骨缺损为特征，而囊性脊柱裂（同义词：开放性脊柱裂或脊柱裂开口）的特征是有一个突出的囊肿，囊肿内含有脑膜或脑膜与脊髓组织，被定义为开放性脊柱发育异常。
