Vićentić Sreten, Jovanović Aleksandar, Dunjić Bojana, Pavlović Zorana, Nenadović Milutin, Nenadović Nenad
Opsta bolnica, Sabac, Odeljenje za psihijatriju, Sabac, Srbija.
Vojnosanit Pregl. 2010 Sep;67(9):741-6. doi: 10.2298/vsp1009741v.
BACKGROUND/AIM: So far, studies of stress have shown that physicians are at a high risk of sickness from psychic and somatic disorders related to professional stress, that can lead to important disturbance of personal, familiar and professional functionating. The aim of this study was to investigate the doctors exposition level to professional stress, to compare stress level in general practitioners (GP) group with that in the group of psychiatrists and risk level for the apperance of burnout syndrome.
This cross-section study included subjects recruited by a random sample method. Thirty General Practice doctors and 30 psychiatrists (totally 60 doctors) filled the set of 3 questionnaires: Sociodemographics features, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ; Goldberg D, 1991), and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI; Maslach C, 1996). Appropriate statistical procedures (Pearson test, t-test, variance analysis) in interpretation of the results were used.
A total level of psychic distress measured with the GHQ test in both groups of physicians was very low implying their good mental health. A difference in Burnout risk based on MBI test between the groups was statistically significant (chi2 = 4,286; p < 0.05) only at subscale Personal Accomplishment (MBI-PA); it was a consequence of a higher number of GPs with medium burnout risk (13.3 : 0.0%). However, even 35 physicians from the sample were affected with a high burnout risk measured with subscales Emotional Ehausation (MBI-EE) and MBI-DP, showing that both groups of physicians had risk for the appearance of burnout syndrome.
The obtained results showed a high burnout risk level in both, GPs and psychiatrists, groups. In both groups there was no presence of psychic disorders (anxiety, depression, insomnia), while there was a high level of emotional ehausation and overtension by job, and also a lower total personal accomplishment. Level of exposition to professional stress is higher in GPs than in psychiatrists, but the difference was not statistically significant.
背景/目的：到目前为止，压力研究表明，医生因与职业压力相关的精神和躯体疾病而患病的风险很高，这可能导致个人、家庭和职业功能的严重紊乱。本研究的目的是调查医生的职业压力暴露水平，比较全科医生（GP）组和精神科医生组的压力水平以及职业倦怠综合征出现的风险水平。
本横断面研究包括通过随机抽样方法招募的受试者。30名全科医生和30名精神科医生（共60名医生）填写了3套问卷：社会人口学特征、一般健康问卷（GHQ；Goldberg D，1991）和马氏职业倦怠量表（MBI；Maslach C，1996）。在结果解释中使用了适当的统计程序（Pearson检验、t检验、方差分析）。
两组医生通过GHQ测试测得的精神痛苦总水平非常低，这意味着他们的心理健康状况良好。两组之间基于MBI测试的职业倦怠风险差异仅在个人成就感子量表（MBI-PA）上具有统计学意义（χ2 = 4.286；p < 0.05）；这是由于中等职业倦怠风险的全科医生数量较多（13.3%：0.0%）。然而，即使样本中的35名医生通过情感耗竭子量表（MBI-EE）和MBI-DP测得的职业倦怠风险很高，这表明两组医生都有出现职业倦怠综合征的风险。
所得结果表明，全科医生组和精神科医生组的职业倦怠风险水平都很高。两组均未出现精神障碍（焦虑、抑郁、失眠），但存在高水平的情感耗竭和工作过度紧张，以及较低的个人成就感总分。全科医生的职业压力暴露水平高于精神科医生，但差异无统计学意义。
