London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E7HT, UK. raphael.n'
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Dec;104(12):758-65. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.08.008. Epub 2010 Oct 16.
PermaNet 3.0 is a long-lasting combination net with deltamethrin present on the sides and a mixture of deltamethrin and piperonyl butoxide (PBO), an oxidase synergist, on the top panel. An experimental hut trial comparing unwashed and 20 times washed PermaNet 3.0 and PermaNet 2.0, Olyset Net and a conventional deltamethrin-treated net washed three times was conducted in southern Benin. Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus from this area are highly resistant to pyrethroids through kdr and cytochrome P450 mechanisms. The unwashed PermaNet 3.0 killed slightly more A. gambiae (52%) than the unwashed PermaNet 2.0 (44%) (P=0.036), indicating only partial synergism of resistance. After washing there was significant loss of activity to a similar level, with PermaNet 3.0 killing 31%, PermaNet 2.0 killing 29% and the conventional net killing 26%. Blood-feeding rates were partially inhibited for unwashed PermaNet 3.0 and Olyset Net (27% inhibition). Personal protection against A. gambiae derived from PermaNet 3.0 was similar to that from PermaNet 2.0 before washing (50% vs. 47%), and after 20 washes it decreased to 30%. Against C. quinquefasciatus, no treatment killed >24% entering the huts. The synergism from unwashed PermaNet 3.0 was lower than expected, probably due to an unidentified resistance mechanism unaffected by PBO.
PermaNet 3.0 是一种长效组合蚊帐，其侧面附有氯菊酯，顶篷附有氯菊酯和增效醚（PBO）混合物，增效醚是一种氧化酶增效剂。在贝宁南部进行了一项实验性小屋试验，比较了未清洗的 PermaNet 3.0 和 PermaNet 2.0、Olyset Net 以及经三次清洗的传统氯菊酯处理的蚊帐与 20 次清洗的效果。该地区的冈比亚按蚊和致倦库蚊对拟除虫菊酯高度耐药，这是由于 kdr 和细胞色素 P450 机制所致。未清洗的 PermaNet 3.0 杀死的冈比亚按蚊（52%）略多于未清洗的 PermaNet 2.0（44%）（P=0.036），表明只有部分抗药性增效作用。清洗后，活性显著下降到相似水平，PermaNet 3.0 杀死 31%，PermaNet 2.0 杀死 29%，传统蚊帐杀死 26%。未清洗的 PermaNet 3.0 和 Olyset Net 的吸血率受到部分抑制（抑制率为 27%）。未经清洗的 PermaNet 3.0 和 PermaNet 2.0 对冈比亚按蚊的个人防护效果相似（50%对 47%），清洗 20 次后下降到 30%。对致倦库蚊而言，没有一种处理方法能杀死进入小屋的蚊数超过 24%。未清洗的 PermaNet 3.0 的增效作用低于预期，这可能是由于存在一种未被 PBO 影响的未知耐药机制。
