Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, INSERM U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue du Pr Calmette, 59019 Lille, France.
Heart. 2010 Nov;96(21):1744-9. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2010.196170.
To compare gender-related lifestyle changes and risk factor management after hospitalisation for a coronary event or revascularisation intervention in Europe.
The EUROASPIRE III survey was carried out in 22 European countries in 2006-2007. Consecutive patients having had a coronary event or revascularisation before the age of 80 were identified. A total of 8966 patients (25.3% women) were interviewed and underwent clinical and biochemical tests at least 6 months after hospital admission. Trends in cardiovascular risk management were assessed on the basis of the 1994-1995, 1999-2000 and 2006-2007 EUROASPIRE surveys.
Female survey participants were generally older and had a lower educational level than male participants (p<0.0001). The prevalences of obesity (p<0.0001), high blood pressure (BP) (p=0.001), elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (p<0.0001) and diabetes (p<0.0001) were significantly higher in women than in men, whereas current smoking (p<0.0001) was significantly more common in men. The use of antihypertensive and antidiabetic drugs (but not that of other drugs) was more common in women than in men. However, BP (p<0.0001), LDL-cholesterol (p<0.0001) and HbA1c (p<0.0001) targets were less often achieved in women than in men. Between 1994 and 2007, cholesterol control improved less in women than in men (interaction: p=0.009), whereas trends in BP control (p=0.32) and glycaemia (p=0.36) were similar for both genders.
The EUROASPIRE III results show that despite similarities in medication exposure, women are less likely than men to achieve BP, LDL-cholesterol and HbA1c targets after a coronary event. This gap did not appear to narrow between 1994 and 2007.
比较欧洲因冠心病事件或血管重建干预住院后的性别相关生活方式改变和危险因素管理。
1994 年至 2007 年，在 22 个欧洲国家开展了 EUROASPIRE III 调查。在 80 岁之前发生冠心病事件或血管重建的连续患者被确定。共有 8966 名患者（25.3%为女性）接受了采访，并在住院后至少 6 个月进行了临床和生化检查。根据 1994-1995 年、1999-2000 年和 2006-2007 年 EUROASPIRE 调查评估心血管风险管理趋势。
女性调查参与者通常比男性参与者年龄更大，教育水平更低（p<0.0001）。与男性相比，女性肥胖（p<0.0001）、高血压（BP）（p=0.001）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇升高（p<0.0001）和糖尿病（p<0.0001）的患病率明显更高，而男性当前吸烟（p<0.0001）的比例明显更高。女性使用抗高血压和降糖药物（但不包括其他药物）的比例高于男性。然而，女性的 BP（p<0.0001）、LDL-胆固醇（p<0.0001）和 HbA1c（p<0.0001）目标的达标率低于男性。1994 年至 2007 年间，女性的胆固醇控制改善程度不如男性（交互作用：p=0.009），而两性的 BP 控制（p=0.32）和血糖控制（p=0.36）趋势相似。
EUROASPIRE III 结果表明，尽管药物暴露相似，但女性在冠心病事件后实现 BP、LDL-胆固醇和 HbA1c 目标的可能性低于男性。这一差距在 1994 年至 2007 年间似乎并未缩小。
