Department of Nephrology, INC Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Mexico City, Mexico.
Curr Hypertens Rep. 2011 Feb;13(1):29-35. doi: 10.1007/s11906-010-0163-x.
The association between fructose and increased blood pressure is still incompletely defined, because experimental studies have produced dissimilar conclusions. Amplified vasopressor responses to minimal stimuli and differing responses to fructose in peripheral versus central sites may explain the controversy. Fructose induces systemic hypertension through several mechanisms mainly associated with deleterious effects on target organs (kidney, endothelium, heart) exerted by the byproducts of its metabolism, such as uric acid. The kidney is particularly sensitive to the effects of fructose because high loads of this sugar reach renal tissue. In addition, fructose increases reabsorption of salt and water in the small intestine and kidney; thus the combination of salt and fructose has a synergistic effect in the development of hypertension. Clinical and epidemiologic studies have also linked fructose consumption with hypertension. Further studies are warranted in order to understand the role of fructose in the development of hypertension.
果糖与血压升高之间的关联仍不完全明确，因为实验研究得出了不同的结论。对最小刺激的血管加压反应增强以及外周与中枢部位对果糖的反应不同，可能解释了这一争议。果糖通过多种机制诱导全身性高血压，主要与代谢产物（如尿酸）对靶器官（肾脏、内皮、心脏）的有害影响有关。肾脏对果糖的作用特别敏感，因为大量的这种糖会到达肾脏组织。此外，果糖会增加小肠和肾脏对盐和水的重吸收；因此，盐和果糖的结合在高血压的发展中具有协同作用。临床和流行病学研究也将果糖摄入与高血压联系起来。为了了解果糖在高血压发展中的作用，还需要进一步的研究。
