UMR, CNRS, Université Paris, France.
Dyslexia. 2010 Nov;16(4):318-40. doi: 10.1002/dys.415.
This study investigates French dyslexic and control adult participants' ability to perceive and produce two different non-native contrasts (one segmental and one prosodic), across several conditions varying short-term memory load. For this purpose, we selected Korean plosive voicing (whose categories conflict with French ones) as the segmental contrast and lexical stress as the prosodic contrast (French does not use contrastive lexical stress). We also used a French (native) segmental contrast as a control. Tasks were either auditory discrimination or repetition of CVCV nonsense words. Short-term memory load was varied by presenting the stimuli either in isolation, in sequences of two, or in sequences of three. Our results show overall few differences between dyslexic and control participants. In particular, dyslexic participants performed similarly to controls in all tasks involving Korean plosives, whether in discrimination or in production, and regardless of short-term memory load. However, some group differences emerged with respect to lexical stress, in the discrimination task at greater short-term memory load. Various analyses suggest that dyslexic participants' difficulties are due to the meta-phonological nature of the task and to short-term memory load.
本研究调查了法国阅读障碍者和对照组成年参与者在不同短期记忆负荷条件下感知和产生两种不同非母语对比（一种是音段对比，一种是韵律对比）的能力。为此，我们选择了韩语塞音发声（其类别与法语冲突）作为音段对比，词汇重音作为韵律对比（法语不使用对比性词汇重音）。我们还使用了法语（母语）音段对比作为对照。任务是听觉辨别或重复 CVCV 无意义词。通过呈现单独、两个连续或三个连续的刺激来改变短期记忆负荷。我们的结果表明，阅读障碍者和对照组参与者之间总体差异较小。特别是，阅读障碍者在涉及韩语塞音的所有任务中，无论是在辨别还是在产生方面，表现都与对照组相似，而与短期记忆负荷无关。然而，在更大的短期记忆负荷下，在辨别任务中，词汇重音方面出现了一些组间差异。各种分析表明，阅读障碍者的困难是由于任务的元语言性质和短期记忆负荷。
