Goodyer I, Wright C, Altham P
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital.
Br J Psychiatry. 1990 May;156:689-98. doi: 10.1192/bjp.156.5.689.
The number of moderate to severe undesirable life events and the quality of friendships were compared between a consecutive series of 100 children aged 7-16 years with emotional disorders and a series of community controls matched for age, sex, and social class. Undesirable events and friendship difficulties exerted independent direct effects of similar magnitude on the probability of developing emotional disorders; 33% of disturbed children experienced both adversities compared with 6% of controls. An additive interaction was found for the two factors. The results were uninfluenced by the sex or pubertal status of the subjects. There appears to be no greater probability of being anxious rather than depressed in the presence of life events, alone or in combinations with friendship difficulties. Recent undesirable life events and friendship difficulties arise through independent social pathways and may exert their effects through different psychological mechanisms.
对连续选取的100名7至16岁患有情绪障碍的儿童与一系列在年龄、性别和社会阶层上匹配的社区对照儿童，比较了中度至重度不良生活事件的数量和友谊质量。不良事件和友谊困难对患情绪障碍的可能性产生了大小相似的独立直接影响；33%的受困扰儿童经历了这两种逆境，而对照组中这一比例为6%。发现这两个因素存在相加交互作用。结果不受受试者的性别或青春期状态影响。在存在生活事件单独或与友谊困难并存的情况下，焦虑而非抑郁的可能性似乎并没有更高。近期的不良生活事件和友谊困难通过独立的社会途径产生，可能通过不同的心理机制发挥作用。
