Broaddus Kristyn, Tillson Michael
Veterinary Referral and Critical Care, Manakin-Sabot, Virginia, USA.
Compend Contin Educ Vet. 2010 Sep;32(9):E3.
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is the most common congenital heart disease in dogs. It is due to the failure of the ductus arteriosus muscle to constrict, leaving a passageway for blood flow and resulting in eventual left-sided heart disease and/or generalized heart failure. It is hereditary in several breeds. The typical left-to-right PDA is amenable to minimally invasive procedures or open surgery. The ideal surgical candidate for PDA occlusion is immature and lightweight, with minimal heart changes. There is a wide variety of surgical techniques involving different methods of dissection and suture passage. Intraoperative hemorrhage during dissection is the most serious potential complication and can be life-threatening. Minimally invasive techniques such as thorascopic ligation and intravascular coiling have been claimed to have lower morbidity and mortality than open techniques. Once the PDA is occluded, most patients have remodeling of the myocardial tissues, resulting in an excellent long-term prognosis. Late complications such as residual flow and recanalization are rare but may be clinically significant.
动脉导管未闭（PDA）是犬类最常见的先天性心脏病。它是由于动脉导管肌肉未能收缩，留下了血液流动的通道，最终导致左侧心脏病和/或全身性心力衰竭。它在几个品种中具有遗传性。典型的左向右分流型PDA适合采用微创手术或开放手术。理想的PDA封堵手术候选者是未成熟且体重轻、心脏变化最小的犬。有各种各样的手术技术，涉及不同的解剖和缝合方法。解剖过程中的术中出血是最严重的潜在并发症，可能危及生命。据声称，诸如胸腔镜结扎和血管内线圈栓塞等微创技术的发病率和死亡率低于开放技术。一旦PDA被封堵，大多数患者的心肌组织会发生重塑，从而产生极佳的长期预后。诸如残余血流和再通等晚期并发症很少见，但可能具有临床意义。
