Bruce N G, Cook D G, Shaper A G, Ratcliffe J G
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK.
J Hum Hypertens. 1990 Dec;4(6):597-602.
The relationships between blood pressure and the concentrations of urinary sodium, potassium and creatinine have been examined using casual urine specimens collected from a random sample of 1,556 men aged 40-59. Partial correlations with systolic blood pressure after adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption, and town showed that sodium was not significantly associated with BP, but potassium [r = -0.09 (P less than 0.001)] and creatinine [r = -0.07 (P less than 0.01)] were negatively associated. The sodium/creatinine ratio [r = 0.10 (P less than 0.001)] and sodium/potassium ratio [r = 0.11 (P less than 0.001)] were positively correlated with SBP. Comparable results were found throughout for diastolic pressure. Multiple regression analysis suggested that it was creatinine rather than sodium that was the important component of the sodium/creatinine ratio, and raised the possibility that potassium may play a part in this association because of the strong correlation between potassium and creatinine. Similarly, potassium appeared to be the more important component of the sodium/potassium ratio. The regression coefficients for sodium, potassium, and the sodium/potassium ratio in this study of casual urine samples were found to be similar in direction and magnitude to two large studies using 24 hour urine collections. We suggest that causal specimens may be useful for estimating sodium and potassium intake in population studies.
通过对1556名年龄在40 - 59岁的男性随机样本收集的随意尿样，研究了血压与尿钠、钾和肌酐浓度之间的关系。在对年龄、体重指数（BMI）、酒精摄入量和城镇进行调整后，与收缩压的偏相关分析表明，钠与血压无显著关联，但钾[r = -0.09（P小于0.001）]和肌酐[r = -0.07（P小于0.01）]呈负相关。钠/肌酐比值[r = 0.10（P小于0.001）]和钠/钾比值[r = 0.11（P小于0.001）]与收缩压呈正相关。舒张压的结果与之相似。多元回归分析表明，钠/肌酐比值的重要组成部分是肌酐而非钠，并且由于钾与肌酐之间的强相关性，提示钾可能在此关联中起作用。同样，钾似乎是钠/钾比值中更重要的组成部分。在本随意尿样研究中，钠、钾和钠/钾比值的回归系数在方向和大小上与两项使用24小时尿样收集的大型研究相似。我们认为，随意尿样在人群研究中可能有助于估计钠和钾的摄入量。
