Laboratory of Psychiatry and Experimental Alzheimer's Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Trends Biotechnol. 2011 Jan;29(1):26-32. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2010.09.007. Epub 2010 Oct 23.
The identification and validation of biomarkers for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other forms of dementia are increasingly important. To date, ELISA measurement of β-amyloid(1-42), total tau and phospho-tau-181 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is the most advanced and accepted method to diagnose probable AD with high specificity and sensitivity. However, it is a great challenge to search for novel biomarkers in CSF and blood by using modern potent methods, such as microarrays and mass spectrometry, and to optimize the handling of samples (e.g. collection, transport, processing, and storage), as well as the interpretation using bioinformatics. It seems likely that only a combined analysis of several biomarkers will define a patient-specific signature to diagnose AD in the future.
鉴定和验证用于诊断阿尔茨海默病（AD）和其他形式痴呆的生物标志物变得越来越重要。迄今为止，通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）测量脑脊液（CSF）中的β-淀粉样蛋白（1-42）、总tau 和磷酸化tau-181，是诊断可能的 AD 的最先进和最被接受的方法，具有高特异性和敏感性。然而，通过使用现代强大的方法（例如微阵列和质谱）在 CSF 和血液中寻找新的生物标志物，以及优化样本的处理（例如采集、运输、处理和储存），以及使用生物信息学进行解释，仍然是一个巨大的挑战。似乎只有对几个生物标志物进行综合分析，才能在未来为诊断 AD 定义患者特异性特征。
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