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无牙患者唾液和血浆中的磷酸化tau 181水平升高：痴呆的首个迹象？

Phospho-tau 181 is enhanced in saliva and plasma of edentulous patients: a first sign of dementia?

作者信息

Zürcher Christine, Defrancesco Michaela, Humpel Christian

机构信息

University Hospital for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Division of Psychiatry I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

出版信息

Front Oral Health. 2025 Jul 30;6:1627681. doi: 10.3389/froh.2025.1627681. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.3389/froh.2025.1627681
PMID:40809956
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12343693/
Abstract

OBJECTIVES

There is evidence that periodontitis can enhance the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The biomarkers beta-amyloid (40 and 42), total tau, and phospho-tau181 (pTau181) in cerebrospinal fluid help to diagnose AD. Saliva is an easy-to-collect fluid and we aim to analyze these biomarkers in patients with periodontitis.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS

Four groups of individuals were included: patients with healthy periodont, those with mild and severe periodontal diseases, and edentulous patients. These four biomarkers were analyzed in saliva using Lumipulse technology, and as a control, also cortisol, transferrin, and interleukin-6 were measured. Patients underwent a neuropsychological assessment, and plasma pTau181 was analyzed.

RESULTS

No changes were seen for salivary beta-amyloid and total tau; however, salivary pTau181 was significantly increased in edentulous patients. This was accompanied by enhanced plasma pTau181 levels.

CONCLUSION

Our data show that pTau181 was significantly higher in saliva and plasma of edentulous patients, and we suggest that the loss of teeth may be linked to the progression of dementia. Consultation of dentists may be of importance to find risk factors for the progression of dementia, and salivary pTau181 could be a new associative marker.

摘要

目的

有证据表明牙周炎可促进阿尔茨海默病（AD）的进展。脑脊液中的生物标志物β-淀粉样蛋白（40和42）、总tau蛋白和磷酸化tau181（pTau181）有助于诊断AD。唾液是一种易于采集的液体，我们旨在分析牙周炎患者的这些生物标志物。

受试者与方法

纳入四组个体：牙周健康者、轻中度牙周疾病患者、重度牙周疾病患者和无牙患者。使用Lumipulse技术分析唾液中的这四种生物标志物，作为对照，还检测了皮质醇、转铁蛋白和白细胞介素-6。患者接受神经心理学评估，并分析血浆pTau181。

结果

唾液β-淀粉样蛋白和总tau蛋白未见变化；然而，无牙患者唾液中的pTau181显著升高。同时血浆pTau181水平也升高。

结论

我们的数据表明，无牙患者唾液和血浆中的pTau181显著升高，我们认为牙齿缺失可能与痴呆症的进展有关。咨询牙医对于发现痴呆症进展的危险因素可能很重要，唾液pTau181可能是一种新的关联标志物。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f811/12343693/dc76518501dc/froh-06-1627681-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f811/12343693/4734dcaace1e/froh-06-1627681-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f811/12343693/dc76518501dc/froh-06-1627681-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f811/12343693/4734dcaace1e/froh-06-1627681-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f811/12343693/dc76518501dc/froh-06-1627681-g002.jpg

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本文引用的文献

1
Salivary IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 Are Key Biomarkers of Periodontitis Severity.唾液中的白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6 和白细胞介素-10 是牙周炎严重程度的关键生物标志物。
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Aug 1;25(15):8401. doi: 10.3390/ijms25158401.
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Salivary Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.用于阿尔茨海默病的唾液生物标志物：系统评价与荟萃分析。
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jan 18;25(2):1168. doi: 10.3390/ijms25021168.
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Rise of gold nanoparticles as carriers of therapeutic agents.金纳米粒子作为治疗剂载体的兴起。
Acta Chim Slov. 2023 Nov 2;70(4):467-478. doi: 10.17344/acsi.2023.8216.
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Association of Tooth Loss with Alzheimer's Disease Tau Pathologies Assessed by Positron Emission Tomography.利用正电子发射断层扫描评估牙齿缺失与阿尔茨海默病 Tau 病理的关联。
J Alzheimers Dis. 2023;96(3):1253-1265. doi: 10.3233/JAD-230581.
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Saliva: a challenging human fluid to diagnose brain disorders with a focus on Alzheimer's disease.唾液：一种用于诊断脑部疾病（尤其是阿尔茨海默病）颇具挑战性的人体液体。
Neural Regen Res. 2023 Dec;18(12):2606-2610. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.373675.
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Saliva tau and phospho-tau-181 measured by Lumipulse in patients with Alzheimer's disease.通过Lumipulse检测阿尔茨海默病患者唾液中的tau蛋白和磷酸化tau-181蛋白。
Front Aging Neurosci. 2022 Sep 29;14:1014305. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1014305. eCollection 2022.
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Oral microbiome and serological analyses on association of Alzheimer's disease and periodontitis.口腔微生物组和血清学分析阿尔茨海默病与牙周炎的关联。
Oral Dis. 2023 Nov;29(8):3677-3687. doi: 10.1111/odi.14348. Epub 2022 Aug 30.
8
Periodontitis as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: The Experimental Journey So Far, with Hope of Therapy.牙周炎作为阿尔茨海默病的一个风险因素：迄今为止的实验历程及治疗希望
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2022;1373:241-260. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-96881-6_13.
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Intranasal neprilysin rapidly eliminates amyloid-beta plaques, but causes plaque compensations: the explanation why the amyloid-beta cascade may fail?鼻内注射中性内肽酶可迅速清除β淀粉样蛋白斑块，但会导致斑块代偿：这是β淀粉样蛋白级联反应可能失败的原因吗？
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