Medical Research Council Laboratory for Molecular and Cell Biology and Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK.
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Nov;13(11):1330-7. doi: 10.1038/nn.2671.
The development and function of neurons require the regulated expression of large numbers of very specific gene sets. Epigenetic modifications of both DNA and histone proteins are now emerging as fundamental mechanisms by which neurons adapt their transcriptional response to developmental and environmental cues. In the nervous system, the mechanisms by which extracellular signals regulate the activity of chromatin-modifying enzymes have just begun to be characterized. In this Review, I discuss how extracellular cues, including synaptic activity and neurotrophic factors, influence epigenetic modifications and regulate the neuronal transcriptional response. I also summarize additional mechanisms that induce chromatin remodeling events by combinatorial assembly of multiprotein complexes on neuronal gene promoters.
神经元的发育和功能需要大量非常特定的基因集的调节表达。DNA 和组蛋白蛋白的表观遗传修饰现在正成为神经元适应其转录反应以适应发育和环境线索的基本机制。在神经系统中，细胞外信号调节染色质修饰酶活性的机制才刚刚开始被描述。在这篇综述中，我讨论了细胞外线索（包括突触活动和神经营养因子）如何影响表观遗传修饰并调节神经元的转录反应。我还总结了通过神经元基因启动子上多蛋白复合物的组合组装诱导染色质重塑事件的其他机制。
