Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources (C81), University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
New Phytol. 2010 Dec;188(4):939-59. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03505.x. Epub 2010 Oct 26.
The relationship between solar radiation capture and potential plant growth is of theoretical and practical importance. The key processes constraining the transduction of solar radiation into phyto-energy (i.e. free energy in phytomass) were reviewed to estimate potential solar-energy-use efficiency. Specifically, the out-put:input stoichiometries of photosynthesis and photorespiration in C(3) and C(4) systems, mobilization and translocation of photosynthate, and biosynthesis of major plant biochemical constituents were evaluated. The maintenance requirement, an area of important uncertainty, was also considered. For a hypothetical C(3) grain crop with a full canopy at 30°C and 350 ppm atmospheric [CO(2) ], theoretically potential efficiencies (based on extant plant metabolic reactions and pathways) were estimated at c. 0.041 J J(-1) incident total solar radiation, and c. 0.092 J J(-1) absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). At 20°C, the calculated potential efficiencies increased to 0.053 and 0.118 J J(-1) (incident total radiation and absorbed PAR, respectively). Estimates for a hypothetical C(4) cereal were c. 0.051 and c. 0.114 J J(-1), respectively. These values, which cannot be considered as precise, are less than some previous estimates, and the reasons for the differences are considered. Field-based data indicate that exceptional crops may attain a significant fraction of potential efficiency.
太阳辐射捕获与潜在植物生长之间的关系具有理论和实际重要性。为了估算潜在的太阳能利用效率，我们回顾了限制太阳辐射转化为植物能量（即植物生物质中的自由能）的关键过程。具体而言，我们评估了 C(3)和 C(4)系统光合作用和光呼吸的输出：输入化学计量、光合产物的动员和转运，以及主要植物生化成分的生物合成。我们还考虑了维持需求这一重要的不确定领域。对于一个具有 30°C 和 350 ppm 大气 [CO(2)] 的全冠层假设的 C(3)谷物作物，根据现存的植物代谢反应和途径，理论上潜在效率（基于入射总太阳辐射）估计约为 0.041 J J(-1)，而吸收的光合有效辐射 (PAR) 约为 0.092 J J(-1)。在 20°C 时，计算出的潜在效率分别增加到 0.053 和 0.118 J J(-1)（入射总辐射和吸收的 PAR）。对于一个假设的 C(4)谷类作物，估计值分别约为 0.051 和 0.114 J J(-1)。这些值不能被认为是精确的，它们低于一些先前的估计值，我们考虑了造成差异的原因。基于田间的数据表明，特殊的作物可能达到潜在效率的显著部分。
