基于外表对护士关怀、技能和知识的感知。

Perception of nurse caring, skills, and knowledge based on appearance.

机构信息

West Chester University, Pennsylvania, USA.

出版信息

J Nurs Adm. 2010 Nov;40(11):489-97. doi: 10.1097/NNA.0b013e3181f88b48.

DOI:10.1097/NNA.0b013e3181f88b48

PMID:20978418

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

The objective of the study was to assess differences among perceptions of patients, nurses, nursing faculty, and nursing students regarding nurse caring, skill, and knowledge based on attire and level of visible body art.

BACKGROUND

People often make judgments (positive and negative) based on how a person appears. Given somewhat more flexible dress codes for nurses, we wondered what type of perceptions a variety of stakeholders would have of nurses in different levels of attire.

METHOD

A descriptive comparative design was used. A convenience sample of 240 patients, nurses, students, and faculty were surveyed regarding their perceptions of a nurse based on appearance. Multivariate analyses of variance were calculated to determine if participants' perception of nurse caring, skill, and knowledge differed by scrub type or level of body art.

RESULTS

For the entire sample, the nurse wearing the solid scrub was rated significantly more skilled and knowledgeable than a nurse wearing print or T-shirt attire. Students rated the nurse wearing the solid scrub and print scrub significantly more skilled and knowledgeable. They rated the print scrub higher, with faculty rating it lower. Nurses rated the T-shirt attire more caring than faculty. Patients rated the T-shirt attire more skilled than faculty and students. All subjects rated the nurse with the most body art (piercings and visible tattoo) the least caring, skilled, and knowledgeable. Nurses rated the most amount of body art more caring than patients and faculty. Students rated the most amount of body art more caring than patients and faculty.

CONCLUSION

The conflict between the right to self-expression and professional role expectations during nurse and patient interactions is a difficult one. However, because a nurse's appearance can impact perceptions during an encounter, dress codes in the acute care setting should take this into account. To be perceived as skilled and knowledgeable, nurses should wear a solid colored uniform with limited visible body art.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在评估患者、护士、护理教师和护理学生对护士关怀、技能和知识的看法差异，这些差异基于着装和可见体饰的水平。

背景

人们经常根据一个人的外表做出判断（正面和负面）。鉴于护士的着装规定相对较为灵活，我们想知道各种利益相关者对不同着装水平的护士会有什么样的看法。

方法

采用描述性比较设计。对 240 名患者、护士、学生和教师进行了一项便利抽样调查，调查他们对护士外貌的看法。计算了多元方差分析，以确定参与者对护士关怀、技能和知识的看法是否因刷手服类型或体饰水平而异。

结果

对于整个样本，穿纯色刷手服的护士被评为技能和知识更熟练的比例显著高于穿印花或 T 恤服装的护士。学生对穿纯色刷手服和印花刷手服的护士评价更高，而教师则评价较低。护士对 T 恤服装的评价更体贴，而患者对 T 恤服装的评价比教师和学生更熟练。所有受试者都认为体饰最多（穿孔和可见纹身）的护士最不关心、技能和知识最少。护士对体饰最多的评价比患者和教师更关心。学生对体饰最多的评价比患者和教师更关心。