Choi Y C, Hsiung G D
J Infect Dis. 1978 Aug;138(2):197-202. doi: 10.1093/infdis/138.2.197.
Transplacental transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) was demonstrated in guinea pigs, but transmission only occurred during acute primary maternal infection. Infectious CMV was isolated from 27 of 44 placental tissues and nine of 37 fetal tissues (including brain, lung, and kidney) tested five to 24 days after maternal infection. Fetal infection occurred at different stages of gestation ranging from 28 to 60 days. No virus was detected in the tissues of 43 fetuses examined that were taken from pregnant guinea pigs that had been infected for greater than 30 days. The maternal animals had significant levels of circulating neutralizing antibody concurrent with infectious CMV in the salivary glands at the time of sacrifice. Contact infection was accomplished when infected and uninfected animals of either the same sex or oppsite sexes were paired and housed together for one to three months. Among the seven male contact guinea pigs housed with infected females, five showed virus in their salivary glands, and all seven showed rises in titer of antibody; five of the females became pregnant. In contrast, when infected and uninfected animals of the same sex were paired and housed together, only one of 13 contact animals had virus in the salivary gland, and four of 13 had rises in titer of antibody. Thus sexual contact appeared to be more efficient than environmental contact in the spread of CMV infection.
巨细胞病毒（CMV）的经胎盘传播在豚鼠中得到了证实，但传播仅发生在母体急性原发性感染期间。在母体感染后5至24天对44个胎盘组织中的27个以及37个胎儿组织（包括脑、肺和肾）中的9个进行检测，从中分离出了传染性巨细胞病毒。胎儿感染发生在妊娠28至60天的不同阶段。对43只取自感染超过30天的怀孕豚鼠的胎儿组织进行检查，未检测到病毒。在处死母体动物时，其循环中和抗体水平显著，同时唾液腺中存在传染性巨细胞病毒。当将同性或异性的感染动物与未感染动物配对并共同饲养1至3个月时，可实现接触感染。在与感染雌性豚鼠共同饲养的7只雄性接触豚鼠中，5只唾液腺中检测到病毒，所有7只抗体滴度均升高；5只雌性豚鼠怀孕。相比之下，当将同性的感染动物与未感染动物配对并共同饲养时，13只接触动物中只有1只唾液腺中有病毒，13只中有4只抗体滴度升高。因此，在巨细胞病毒感染的传播中，性接触似乎比环境接触更有效。
