Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Centers for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30093, USA.
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2010 Oct;12(10):793-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7176.2010.00340.x.
Consuming high amounts of dietary sodium is associated with hypertension. The authors analyzed the HealthStyles 2005 and 2008 survey for behaviors to lower blood pressure related to dietary sodium, including the reduction of sodium intake and reading food labels for sodium content among hypertensives. All estimates were based on self-reported data. The relative percent change (RPC) in the prevalence of these behaviors between 2005 and 2008 was assessed. During the 3-year period, there were increases in the prevalence of reducing dietary sodium (RPC=17.2%, 56.6% in 2008 vs 48.3% in 2005; P<.05) and reading food labels for sodium content (RPC=7.9%, 53.0% vs 49.1%; P<.05). In 2005, the proportion of hypertensive adults who reported reducing dietary sodium was higher for persons 65 years and older, for blacks, for those with income <$25,000, and for those with more than a high school education compared with those in their comparison groups. In 2008, those aged 65 years and older had the highest percentage, while Hispanics and blacks had essentially the same percentage for reducing sodium. Based on 2005 and 2008 HealthStyles surveys, about half of hypertensive patients reported reducing their intake of sodium and reading food labels for salt. Health care providers should emphasize the importance of knowing the daily recommended limit for dietary sodium to help adults lower this intake.
摄入大量的膳食钠与高血压有关。作者分析了 2005 年和 2008 年的 HealthStyles 调查，了解与膳食钠相关的降低血压行为，包括减少高血压患者的钠摄入量和阅读食物标签上的钠含量。所有估计数均基于自我报告的数据。评估了 2005 年至 2008 年这些行为的患病率相对百分比变化（RPC）。在 3 年期间，减少膳食钠的流行率有所增加（RPC=17.2%，2008 年为 56.6%，2005 年为 48.3%；P<.05），阅读食物标签上的钠含量的流行率也有所增加（RPC=7.9%，2008 年为 53.0%，2005 年为 49.1%；P<.05）。2005 年，与对照组相比，报告减少膳食钠的高血压成年人比例在 65 岁及以上人群、黑人、收入<25,000 美元的人群和受过高中以上教育的人群中更高。2008 年，65 岁及以上人群的比例最高，而西班牙裔和黑人减少钠摄入量的比例基本相同。根据 2005 年和 2008 年 HealthStyles 调查，约有一半的高血压患者报告减少了钠的摄入量并阅读了食物标签上的盐含量。医疗保健提供者应强调了解膳食钠每日推荐限量的重要性，以帮助成年人降低这一摄入量。
