Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2010 Jun-Sep;28(2-3):162-9.
Allergic reactions to mosquito bites, such as generalized urticaria or severe local reactions are common problems worldwide. The diverse sources of allergen prepared from different mosquito body parts usage are a major obstacle to obtaining safe and effective tests and immunotherapy for mosquito bite allergy. Thus, the reactions are often not recognized and allergen immunotherapy is seldom used for severe reaction to mosquito bites. In a search for appropriate allergen sources, the protein profiles of saliva, salivary glands and whole body extracts were comparatively analyzed from 4 common mosquito species of Thailand and/or South East Asia; viz. Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus and a zoophilic strain, Anopheles minimus. The major allergens in the extracts which elicited specific IgE responses in the pooled sera of subjects allergic to mosquito bites were identified. It was concluded that mosquito saliva was the best source of allergens. Additionally, both species-specific and species-shared allergens of the 4 mosquito species were identified. The major saliva allergens having MWs of 36, 32 and 22 kDa were identified. The identificstion of major allergens should facilitate the production of specific recombinant allergens and contribute to improvement in the diagnosis and specific immunotherapy of Thai mosquito bite allergy patients.
蚊虫叮咬引起的过敏反应，如全身性荨麻疹或严重局部反应，是全球常见的问题。不同来源的过敏原，由不同蚊虫身体部位制备，这是获得安全有效的蚊虫叮咬过敏测试和免疫治疗的主要障碍。因此，这些反应通常未被识别，且对于蚊虫叮咬的严重反应，很少使用过敏原免疫治疗。为了寻找合适的过敏原来源，从泰国和/或东南亚的 4 种常见蚊虫（库蚊、埃及伊蚊、白纹伊蚊和嗜人按蚊）中比较分析了唾液、唾液腺和全虫提取物的蛋白图谱。从蚊虫叮咬过敏患者的混合血清中鉴定出了可引起特异性 IgE 反应的提取物中的主要过敏原。研究结论认为，蚊虫唾液是过敏原的最佳来源。此外，还鉴定了 4 种蚊虫的种特异性和种共享过敏原。鉴定出了 MW 为 36、32 和 22 kDa 的主要唾液过敏原。主要过敏原的鉴定有助于生产特异性重组过敏原，并有助于改善泰国蚊虫叮咬过敏患者的诊断和特异性免疫治疗。
