DFG Research Unit-Person Perception, Institut fur Psychologie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2011 Jan;100(1):16-29. doi: 10.1037/a0021522.
The categories that social targets belong to are often activated automatically. Most studies investigating social categorization have used visual stimuli or verbal labels, whereas ethnolinguistic identity theory posits that language is an essential dimension of ethnic identity. Language should therefore be used for social categorization. In 2 experiments, using the "Who Said What?" paradigm, the authors investigated social categorization by using accents (auditory stimuli) and looks (visual stimuli) to indicate ethnicity, either separately or in combination. Given either looks or accents only, the authors demonstrated that ethnic categorization can be based on accents, and the authors found a similar degree of ethnic categorization by accents and looks. When ethnic cues of looks and accents were combined by creating cross categories, there was a clear predominance of accents as meaningful cues for categorization, as shown in the respective parameters of a multinomial model. The present findings are discussed with regard to the generalizability of findings using one channel of presentation (e.g., visual) and the asymmetry found with different presentation channels for the category ethnicity.
社会目标所属的类别通常是自动激活的。大多数研究社会分类的研究都使用视觉刺激或口头标签，而民族语言认同理论则认为语言是民族认同的一个重要维度。因此，语言应该用于社会分类。在 2 项实验中，作者使用“谁说了什么？”范式，通过使用口音（听觉刺激）和长相（视觉刺激）来分别或组合表示种族，研究了社会分类。仅给出长相或口音，作者证明可以根据口音进行种族分类，并且作者发现通过口音和长相进行种族分类的程度相似。当通过创建交叉类别组合长相和口音的种族线索时，作为分类的有意义线索，口音明显占据优势，这在多项式模型的相应参数中有所体现。本文的研究结果与使用一种呈现渠道（例如视觉）的研究结果的普遍性以及不同呈现渠道在种族类别上的不对称性进行了讨论。
