Department of Biology , Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya , Turkey.
Nanotoxicology. 2011 Sep;5(3):417-24. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2010.529176. Epub 2010 Nov 1.
Health risk assessment of nanomaterials is an emergent field, genotoxicity being an important endpoint to be tested. Since in vivo studies offer many advantages, such as the study of the bioavailability of nanomaterials to sensitive target cells, we propose Drosophila as a useful model for the study of the toxic and genotoxic risks associated with nanoparticle exposure. In this work we have carried out a genotoxic evaluation of silver nanoparticles in Drosophila by using the wing somatic mutation and recombination test. This test is based on the principle that loss of heterozygosis and the corresponding expression of the suitable recessive markers, multiple wing hairs and flare-3, can lead to the formation of mutant clones in larval cells, which are expressed as mutant spots on the wings of adult flies. Silver nanoparticles were supplied to third instar larvae at concentrations ranging from 0.1-10 mM. The results showed that small but significant increases in the frequency of total spots were observed, thus indicating that silver nanoparticles were able to induce genotoxic activity in the wing spot assay of D. melanogaster, mainly via the induction of somatic recombination. These positive results obtained with silver nanoparticles contrast with the negative findings obtained when silver nitrate was tested.
纳米材料的健康风险评估是一个新兴领域，遗传毒性是一个需要测试的重要终点。由于体内研究具有许多优势，例如研究纳米材料对敏感靶细胞的生物利用度，因此我们提出果蝇作为研究与纳米颗粒暴露相关的毒性和遗传毒性风险的有用模型。在这项工作中，我们通过使用翅体突变和重组试验对银纳米颗粒在果蝇中的遗传毒性进行了评估。该试验基于以下原理：杂合性丧失和相应表达合适隐性标记（多根翅毛和 flare-3）可导致幼虫细胞中突变克隆的形成，这些突变克隆在成年果蝇的翅膀上表现为突变斑点。将银纳米颗粒以 0.1-10mM 的浓度供给至三龄幼虫。结果表明，总斑点的频率出现了小但显著的增加，这表明银纳米颗粒能够在 D. melanogaster 的翅斑试验中诱导遗传毒性活性，主要通过诱导体细胞重组。这些用银纳米颗粒获得的阳性结果与用硝酸银进行测试时获得的阴性结果形成对比。
