Martínez-Cisterna Daniel, Rubilar Olga, Tortella Gonzalo, Chen Lingyun, Chacón-Fuentes Manuel, Lizama Marcelo, Parra Pablo, Bardehle Leonardo
Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Casilla 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile.
Centro de Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Casilla 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile.
Molecules. 2024 Nov 22;29(23):5520. doi: 10.3390/molecules29235520.
Nanotechnology has been a promising plant protection discipline in recent years, attributed to the unique physicochemical properties exhibited at the nanoscale. In this context, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been effective in various applications, including medical, industrial, and agronomic, and during the last few years, the control of insect pests has raised great interest. The present review mainly provides updated information about the use of AgNPs elaborated by different synthesis methods, such as biological (plants, microorganisms), physical, and chemical, and their effect against various insect species of agricultural importance belonging to the order Diptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, and Hemiptera. The physiological and toxic effects of applying AgNPs are reported and characterized by developmental problems, mortality, weight reduction, interference with enzymatic activity, and anomalies in the life cycle. Moreover, in the final section, the action mechanisms through which AgNPs act on insects are also discussed, highlighting mechanisms such as alteration of transmembrane permeability, interruption of DNA replication, alteration of protein synthesis, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
近年来，纳米技术凭借其在纳米尺度上展现出的独特物理化学性质，成为了一个颇具前景的植物保护学科领域。在此背景下，银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）在包括医学、工业和农学等多种应用中都已证实具有显著效果，并且在过去几年里，其对害虫的防治效果引起了广泛关注。本综述主要提供了关于通过不同合成方法（如生物法（植物、微生物）、物理法和化学法）制备的AgNPs的应用最新信息，以及它们对双翅目、鞘翅目、鳞翅目和半翅目等各类具有农业重要性的昆虫物种的防治效果。文中报告了施用AgNPs后的生理和毒性效应，并以发育问题、死亡率、体重减轻、酶活性干扰以及生命周期异常等方面进行了表征。此外，在最后一部分，还讨论了AgNPs作用于昆虫的作用机制，重点介绍了诸如跨膜通透性改变、DNA复制中断、蛋白质合成改变以及活性氧（ROS）产生等机制。
