Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
Immunology. 2010 Dec;131(4):466-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2010.03366.x. Epub 2010 Oct 29.
Immunological synapses (ISs) are formed at the T cell-antigen-presenting cell (APC) interface during antigen recognition, and play a central role in T-cell activation and in the delivery of effector functions. ISs were originally described as a peripheral ring of adhesion molecules surrounding a central accumulation of T-cell receptor (TCR)-peptide major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) interactions. Although the structure of these 'classical' ISs has been the subject of intense study, non-classical ISs have also been observed under a variety of conditions. Multifocal ISs, characterized by adhesion molecules dispersed among numerous small accumulations of TCR-pMHC, and motile 'immunological kinapses' have both been described. In this review, we discuss the conditions under which non-classical ISs are formed. Specifically, we explore the profound effect that the phenotypes of both T cells and APCs have on IS structure. We also comment on the role that IS structure may play in T-cell function.
免疫突触（IS）在抗原识别时于 T 细胞-抗原呈递细胞（APC）界面形成，在 T 细胞激活和效应功能传递中发挥核心作用。IS 最初被描述为围绕 T 细胞受体（TCR）-肽主要组织相容性复合物（pMHC）相互作用的中央聚集物的外周环状黏附分子。尽管这些“经典”IS 的结构一直是深入研究的主题，但在各种条件下也观察到了非经典 IS。多焦点 IS 的特征是黏附分子分散在许多 TCR-pMHC 的小聚集中，并且已经描述了能动的“免疫吻合”。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了形成非经典 IS 的条件。具体来说，我们探讨了 T 细胞和 APC 的表型对 IS 结构的深远影响。我们还评论了 IS 结构在 T 细胞功能中可能发挥的作用。
