University of Toledo, Department of Health and Recreation Professions, 2801 W. Bancroft, Mailstop 119, Toledo, OH 43606, USA.
Acad Psychiatry. 2010 Nov-Dec;34(6):417-23. doi: 10.1176/appi.ap.34.6.417.
Most suicides (60%) are committed with firearms, and most (80%) of individuals attempting suicide meet diagnostic criteria for mental illness. This study assessed the prevalence of firearm injury prevention training in psychiatric residency programs.
A three-wave mail survey was sent to the directors of 179 psychiatric residency programs. Outcome measures were the portion of programs offering training in anticipatory guidance for firearms safety, the content of training if offered, and the perceived benefits and barriers to providing such training.
A total of 115 directors responded, a response rate of 64%. The vast majority (79%) reported they had not seriously thought about providing firearm injury prevention training. However, more than half (55%) reported that they routinely screened patients for firearm ownership. The directors perceived more benefits than barriers to offering such training. Additionally, the majority (62%) thought APA should provide curriculum guidelines regarding firearm injury prevention training.
Psychiatrists are uniquely positioned for helping to prevent firearm suicides and homicides among the mentally ill. However, psychiatric residency programs are inadequately training residents and thereby keeping them from maximizing their roles as mental health professionals. Leadership is needed by APA to help reduce firearm violence in the United States.
大多数自杀（60%）是用枪支完成的，大多数（80%）试图自杀的人符合精神疾病的诊断标准。本研究评估了精神病住院医师培训项目中枪支伤害预防培训的普及程度。
对 179 个精神病住院医师培训项目的主任进行了三轮邮件调查。结果指标是提供枪支安全预期指导培训的项目比例、如果提供培训的内容，以及提供此类培训的好处和障碍的感知。
共有 115 名主任做出了回应，回应率为 64%。绝大多数（79%）报告称，他们没有认真考虑过提供枪支伤害预防培训。然而，超过一半（55%）的主任报告说，他们经常对患者进行枪支拥有情况筛查。主任们认为提供这种培训的好处多于障碍。此外，大多数（62%）认为 APA 应该提供有关枪支伤害预防培训的课程指南。
精神科医生在帮助预防精神疾病患者的枪支自杀和杀人方面具有独特的地位。然而，精神病住院医师培训项目没有充分培训住院医师，从而使他们无法最大限度地发挥精神健康专业人员的作用。APA 需要领导才能来帮助减少美国的枪支暴力。
