Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, AMU, Aligarh, 202002, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2011 Aug;179(1-4):241-53. doi: 10.1007/s10661-010-1732-9. Epub 2010 Nov 3.
Plant-based bioassays have recently gained remarkable popularity among the toxicological/eco-toxicological assessment procedures. The reasons for their wide use are comparative simplicity, sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness as well as a good correlation with other toxicity tests. The present study describes the use of two plant bioassays, Allium cepa test and seed germination test in the evaluation of the toxicity/genotoxicity of industrial waste water and river water and standardization with the commonly occurring pollutants in Indian waters namely heavy metals and phenolics. Both tests were standardized to suit the Indian conditions, and the local varieties were used. Both bioassays responded significantly with the test range of heavy metals and phenolics. The toxicity of heavy metals was in the order of Cu > Ni > Cd in both the tests whereas 2,4-dinitrophenol was the most toxic among the phenolic compounds. Cabbage, millet, and cucumber, respectively, were found to be the most sensitive in the seed germination test for the test heavy metals and phenols. Significant amounts of chromosomal abnormalities including bridges, stickiness, and fragmentations were recorded with both the industrial waste water and the XAD concentrated river water samples by A. cepa test.
植物生物测定法最近在毒理学/生态毒理学评估程序中得到了广泛的关注。它们被广泛应用的原因是其相对简单、敏感、具有成本效益，并且与其他毒性测试具有良好的相关性。本研究描述了两种植物生物测定法（洋葱根尖细胞微核试验和种子发芽试验）在评估工业废水和河水的毒性/遗传毒性中的应用，并与印度水中常见的污染物（重金属和酚类）进行了标准化。这两种测试都根据印度的情况进行了标准化，并使用了当地的品种。两种生物测定法都对重金属和酚类的测试范围做出了显著响应。在这两种测试中，重金属的毒性顺序为 Cu > Ni > Cd，而 2,4-二硝基苯酚是酚类化合物中毒性最大的一种。在种子发芽试验中，分别发现白菜、小米和黄瓜对测试重金属和酚类物质最敏感。通过 A. cepa 测试，发现工业废水和 XAD 浓缩河水样品中都记录到了大量的染色体异常，包括桥、粘性和片段化。
