Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YT, UK.
Disabil Rehabil. 2011;33(13-14):1065-88. doi: 10.3109/09638288.2010.525287. Epub 2010 Nov 3.
To review the correlates of measures of control in people with multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD) and motor neurone disease (MND).
Studies on the relationship between aspects of control and demographic, clinical and psychological factors were collated and reviewed using a narrative synthesis.
Forty-four papers were found which examined different types of both disease and life control. PD studies had not examined self-efficacy or helplessness and only locus of control was used in MND studies. Age, gender and disease duration were not consistently related to control, but greater participant-rated physical impairment was associated with lower perception of some control concepts. The association between symptom control and psychological wellbeing was weak and may be disease dependent. Stronger positive relationships were found between psychosocial wellbeing and both global life control and self-efficacy for disease management and adjustment.
Further research, particularly longitudinal, is needed. Perceptions of control were not completely determined by disease stage/disability. Increased perception of certain types of control was associated with wellbeing and thus interventions should be developed to promote increased control. Although results were dominated by MS, they appear largely applicable to people with PD but more caution is needed for MND.
综述多发性硬化症（MS）、帕金森病（PD）和运动神经元病（MND）患者控制措施的相关因素。
使用叙述性综合方法，整理和综述了关于控制方面与人口统计学、临床和心理因素之间关系的研究。
共发现 44 篇研究不同类型疾病和生活控制的论文。PD 研究未检验自我效能感或无助感，MND 研究仅使用了控制点。年龄、性别和疾病持续时间与控制无一致性关联，但参与者自评的身体损伤越严重，与某些控制概念的感知越低相关。症状控制与心理健康之间的关联较弱，可能与疾病有关。在心理社会健康与整体生活控制和疾病管理及调整的自我效能之间，发现了更强的正相关关系。
需要进一步的研究，特别是纵向研究。控制感并非完全由疾病阶段/残疾决定。对某些类型控制的感知增加与幸福感相关，因此应开发干预措施以促进控制感的增强。尽管结果主要由 MS 主导，但它们似乎在很大程度上适用于 PD 患者，但对 MND 则需要更加谨慎。
