Pickler Rita H, McGrath Jacqueline M, Reyna Barbara A, McCain Nancy, Lewis Mary, Cone Sharon, Wetzel Paul, Best Al
Department of Family and Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, VCU Health System, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA.
J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2010 Oct-Dec;24(4):356-65. doi: 10.1097/JPN.0b013e3181fb1e70.
The purpose of this article is to introduce a model of neurodevelopmental risk and protection that may explain some of the relationships among biobehavioral risks, environmental risks, and caregiving behaviors that potentially contribute to neurobehavioral and cognitive outcomes. Infants born before 30 weeks of gestation have the poorest developmental prognosis of all infants. These infants have lengthy hospitalization periods in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU,) an environment that is not always supportive of brain development and long-term developmental needs. The model supports the premise that interventions focused on neuroprotection during the neonatal period have the potential to positively affect long-term developmental outcomes for vulnerable very preterm infants. Finding ways to better understand the complex relationships among NICU-based interventions and long-term outcomes are important to guiding caregiving practices in the NICU.
本文的目的是介绍一种神经发育风险与保护模型，该模型或许能够解释生物行为风险、环境风险与养育行为之间的某些关系，这些关系可能会对神经行为和认知结果产生影响。妊娠30周前出生的婴儿，其发育预后是所有婴儿中最差的。这些婴儿在新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的住院时间很长，而该环境并不总是有利于大脑发育和长期发育需求。该模型支持这样一个前提，即专注于新生儿期神经保护的干预措施有可能对脆弱的极早产儿的长期发育结果产生积极影响。找到更好地理解基于NICU的干预措施与长期结果之间复杂关系的方法，对于指导NICU的护理实践非常重要。
