Maltese Matthew R, Arbogast Kristy B, Nadkarni Vinay, Berg Robert, Balasubramanian Sriram, Seacrist Thomas, Kent Richard W, Parent Daniel P, Craig Matthew, Ridella Stephen A
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia The University of Virginia The United States Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
Ann Adv Automot Med. 2010;54:79-88.
Pediatric and adult ATD's are key tools for the development of motor vehicle crash safety systems. Previous researchers developed size-based scaling methods to adapt blunt chest impact data from adult post-mortem human subjects (PMHS) for pediatric ATD chests design requirements, using skull or femur elastic modulus ratios to estimate the change in whole chest stiffness during maturation. Recently, the mechanics of chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of patients spanning the pediatric and elderly ages have been reported. Our objective was to integrate these pediatric and adult chest stiffness data from CPR into the established scaling methods to 1) compare new CPR-based and existing pediatric ATD chest biofidelity response requirements and 2) develop new CPR-based corridors for ages 12 and 20 years, which do not currently exist. Compared to the current 6-year-old ATD corridor, the maximum force of the CPR-based 6-year-old corridor was 7% less and the maximum displacement was 8% greater, indicating a softer chest. Compared to the current 10-year-old corridor, the new 10-year-old corridor peak force was 12% higher and the peak displacement was 11% smaller, suggesting a stiffer chest. The 12-year-old corridor developed in this paper was 10% higher in maximum force and 4% lower in maximum displacement compared with the adult 5(th) percentile female (AF05). Finally, the 20-year-old 50(th) percentile male (AM50(20)) corridor was 24% higher in maximum force and 19% lower in maximum displacement than 63-year old 50(th) percentile adult male (AM50(63)) corridor, suggesting a stiffer chest. We consider all the new corridors preliminary, as data collection is ongoing for CPR subjects under age 8 years and in the young and middle adult age ranges.
儿科和成人人体模拟模型是机动车碰撞安全系统开发的关键工具。先前的研究人员开发了基于尺寸的缩放方法，以根据成人尸体人类受试者（PMHS）的钝性胸部撞击数据来满足儿科人体模拟模型胸部设计要求，使用头骨或股骨弹性模量比来估计成熟过程中整个胸部刚度的变化。最近，已有关于儿科至老年患者心肺复苏（CPR）期间胸部压缩力学的报道。我们的目标是将这些来自CPR的儿科和成人胸部刚度数据整合到既定的缩放方法中，以1）比较基于新CPR的和现有的儿科人体模拟模型胸部生物逼真度响应要求，以及2）为目前不存在的12岁和20岁人群开发基于CPR的新通道。与当前6岁人体模拟模型通道相比，基于CPR的6岁通道的最大力小7%，最大位移大8%，表明胸部更柔软。与当前10岁通道相比，新的10岁通道峰值力高12%，峰值位移小11%，表明胸部更硬。本文开发的12岁通道与成人第5百分位女性（AF05）相比，最大力高10%且最大位移低4%。最后，20岁第50百分位男性（AM50(20)）通道的最大力比63岁第50百分位成年男性（AM50(63)）通道高24%，最大位移低19%，表明胸部更硬。由于8岁以下以及青年和中年成人年龄段的CPR受试者的数据收集仍在进行中，我们认为所有新通道都是初步的。
