Tran Cuc H, McElrath Josephine, Hughes Patricia, Ryan Kathleen, Munden Jean, Castleman Joan B, Johnson Jackie, Doty Randell, McKay Dallas R, Stringfellow Jim, Holmes Rosalee A, Myers Paul D, Small Parker A, Morris J Glenn
Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 2055 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Biosecur Bioterror. 2010 Dec;8(4):331-41. doi: 10.1089/bsp.2010.0029. Epub 2010 Nov 5.
School-based influenza immunization programs are increasingly recognized as a key component of community-based efforts to control annual influenza epidemics. Computer modeling suggests that immunizing 70% of schoolchildren could protect an entire community from the flu. Most of the school-based influenza immunization programs described in the literature have had support from industry or federal grants. This article describes a program that used only community resources to administer live, attenuated influenza vaccine supplied by the state health department. Beginning in 2006, the Alachua County Health Department and school system, working in collaboration with the University of Florida, began exploration of a non-mandatory community-wide school-based influenza immunization program, with the goal of achieving high levels of immunization of the ~22,000 public and private pre-K through grade 8 students in the county. In 2009-10 the program was repeated. This report describes the procedures developed to achieve the goal, the barriers that were encountered, and solutions to problems that occurred during the implementation of the program. Preliminary data suggest that the crude immunization rate in the schools was approximately 55% and that at least 10% more students were immunized by their health providers. At an operational level, it is possible to achieve high immunization rates if the stakeholders share a common vision and there is extensive community involvement.
以学校为基础的流感免疫计划日益被视为社区控制年度流感流行工作的关键组成部分。计算机模型表明，对70%的学童进行免疫接种可以保护整个社区免受流感侵袭。文献中描述的大多数以学校为基础的流感免疫计划都得到了行业或联邦拨款的支持。本文介绍了一个仅利用社区资源来接种由州卫生部门提供的减毒活流感疫苗的计划。从2006年开始，阿拉楚阿县卫生部门和学校系统与佛罗里达大学合作，开始探索一项非强制性的全县范围以学校为基础的流感免疫计划，目标是让该县约22000名公立和私立幼儿园至八年级学生实现高免疫接种率。在2009 - 10年重复了该计划。本报告描述了为实现该目标所制定的程序、遇到的障碍以及计划实施过程中出现问题的解决办法。初步数据表明，学校的粗免疫接种率约为55%，并且至少有10%以上的学生由其医疗服务提供者进行了免疫接种。在操作层面，如果利益相关者有共同愿景且社区广泛参与，就有可能实现高免疫接种率。
