Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5B4, Canada.
Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2010 Nov;26(3):575-93. doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2010.08.002.
Bovine parainfluenza-3 virus (bPI(3)V) is a long-recognized, currently underappreciated, endemic infection in cattle populations. Clinical disease is most common in calves with poor passive transfer or decayed maternal antibodies. It is usually mild, consisting of fever, nasal discharge, and dry cough. Caused at least partly by local immunosuppressive effects, bPI(3)V infection is often complicated by coinfection with other respiratory viruses and bacteria, and is therefore an important component of enzootic pneumonia in calves and bovine respiratory disease complex in feedlot cattle. Active infection can be diagnosed by virus isolation from nasal swabs, or IF testing on smears made from nasal swabs. Timing of sampling is critical in obtaining definitive diagnostic test results. Parenteral and intranasal modified live vaccine combination vaccines are available. Priming early in calfhood with intranasal vaccine, followed by boosting with parenteral vaccine, may be the best immunoprophylactic approach.
牛副流感病毒 3 型（bPI(3)V）是一种长期被认识但目前被低估的牛群地方性感染。临床疾病最常见于被动转移不良或母体抗体衰减的小牛。它通常是轻微的，包括发热、鼻分泌物和干咳。bPI(3)V 感染至少部分是由局部免疫抑制作用引起的，常与其他呼吸道病毒和细菌合并感染，因此是犊牛地方性肺炎和育肥牛呼吸道疾病综合征的重要组成部分。通过从鼻拭子中分离病毒或对鼻拭子制成的涂片进行 IF 检测，可以诊断出活性感染。采样时机对于获得明确的诊断检测结果至关重要。目前有针对该病毒的灭活疫苗和活疫苗。在犊牛早期通过鼻腔接种进行初次免疫，然后用肌肉注射疫苗进行加强免疫，可能是最佳的免疫预防方法。
