Mansoor Fawad, Earley Bernadette, Cassidy Joseph P, Markey Bryan, Doherty Simon, Welsh Michael D
Agri-Food & Biosciences Institute, Veterinary Sciences Division, Stoney Road, Stormont, Belfast, BT4 3SD, UK.
Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland.
BMC Vet Res. 2015 Aug 21;11:220. doi: 10.1186/s12917-015-0481-y.
There is a need to improve vaccination against respiratory pathogens in calves by stimulation of local immunity at the site of pathogen entry at an early stage in life. Ideally such a vaccine preparation would not be inhibited by the maternally derived antibodies. Additionally, localized immune response at the site of infection is also crucial to control infection at the site of entry of virus. The present study investigated the response to an intranasal bovine parainfluenza 3 virus (BPI3V) antigen preparation encapsulated in PLGA (poly dl-lactic-co-glycolide) nanoparticles in the presence of pre-existing anti-BPI3V antibodies in young calves and comparing it to a commercially available BPI3V respiratory vaccine.
There was a significant (P < 0.05) increase in BPI3V-specific IgA in the nasal mucus of the BPI3V nanoparticle vaccine group alone. Following administration of the nanoparticle vaccine an early immune response was induced that continued to grow until the end of study and was not observed in the other treatment groups. Virus specific serum IgG response to both the nanoparticle vaccine and commercial live attenuated vaccine showed a significant (P < 0.05) rise over the period of study. However, the cell mediated immune response observed didn't show any significant rise in any of the treatment groups.
Calves administered the intranasal nanoparticle vaccine induced significantly greater mucosal IgA responses, compared to the other treatment groups. This suggests an enhanced, sustained mucosal-based immunological response to the BPI3V nanoparticle vaccine in the face of pre-existing antibodies to BPI3V, which are encouraging and potentially useful characteristics of a candidate vaccine. However, ability of nanoparticle vaccine in eliciting cell mediated immune response needs further investigation. More sustained local mucosal immunity induced by nanoparticle vaccine has obvious potential if it translates into enhanced protective immunity in the face of virus outbreak.
有必要通过在生命早期刺激病原体进入部位的局部免疫来改善犊牛针对呼吸道病原体的疫苗接种。理想情况下，这样的疫苗制剂不会受到母源抗体的抑制。此外，感染部位的局部免疫反应对于控制病毒进入部位的感染也至关重要。本研究调查了在存在预先存在的抗牛副流感3病毒（BPI3V）抗体的情况下，幼龄犊牛对包裹在聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物（PLGA）纳米颗粒中的鼻内牛副流感3病毒（BPI3V）抗原制剂的反应，并将其与市售的BPI3V呼吸道疫苗进行比较。
仅BPI3V纳米颗粒疫苗组的鼻黏液中BPI3V特异性IgA有显著（P < 0.05）增加。给予纳米颗粒疫苗后诱导了早期免疫反应，该反应持续增长直至研究结束，而在其他治疗组中未观察到。在研究期间，纳米颗粒疫苗和市售减毒活疫苗的病毒特异性血清IgG反应均有显著（P < 0.05）升高。然而，在任何治疗组中观察到的细胞介导免疫反应均未出现显著升高。
与其他治疗组相比，接种鼻内纳米颗粒疫苗的犊牛诱导出显著更强的黏膜IgA反应。这表明在面对预先存在的针对BPI3V的抗体时，对BPI3V纳米颗粒疫苗有增强的、持续的基于黏膜的免疫反应，这是候选疫苗令人鼓舞且潜在有用的特征。然而，纳米颗粒疫苗引发细胞介导免疫反应的能力需要进一步研究。如果纳米颗粒疫苗诱导的更持久的局部黏膜免疫转化为面对病毒爆发时增强的保护性免疫，则具有明显的潜力。
Zotero 插件