Biology Department I-Systematic Botany, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Metzingerstrasse 67, Munich, Germany.
Planta Med. 2010 Dec;76(17):1963-74. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1250519. Epub 2010 Nov 5.
DNA technology provides a powerful tool to complement chemical analyses for authentication of Chinese medicinal plants and to ensure that herbal materials are not contaminated with ineffective or potentially harmful substitutes or adulterants. In the last two decades molecular biotechnology has provided sophisticated molecular techniques for authentication of botanical materials at the DNA level. This review provides an account of the most commonly used DNA-based technologies (RAPD, RFLP, ARMS, CAPS, AFLP, DAF, ISSR, SSR, sequencing, hybridization and microarrays) including suitable examples of Chinese medical plants. A critical evaluation of all methods is presented concerning sensitivity, reliability, reproducibility, and running costs. Recent achievements in the field of DNA barcoding and DNA chip technology that offer great potentials for screening of DNA and emerging new developments for future identification of species are briefly outlined.
DNA 技术为中药材的鉴定提供了一种强有力的工具，以确保草药材料没有受到无效或潜在有害替代品或掺杂物的污染。在过去的二十年中，分子生物技术为在 DNA 水平上对植物材料进行鉴定提供了复杂的分子技术。本综述介绍了最常用的基于 DNA 的技术（RAPD、RFLP、ARMS、CAPS、AFLP、DAF、ISSR、SSR、测序、杂交和微阵列），包括中药材的合适示例。本文对所有方法的灵敏度、可靠性、可重复性和运行成本进行了批判性评估。简要概述了 DNA 条形码和 DNA 芯片技术领域的最新进展，这些技术为 DNA 筛选提供了巨大的潜力，为未来物种鉴定提供了新的发展方向。
