The University of Texas at Dallas, USA.
Percept Mot Skills. 2010 Aug;111(1):3-18. doi: 10.2466/03.22.27.PMS.111.4.3-18.
The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery offers a multifaceted, empirically supported interpretive framework for neuropsychological assessment founded upon raw scores referenced to a brain-damaged sample. Complementary approaches have used T scores from normal samples often composed of community volunteers or medical patients, augmented by regression. By pooling normal controls of all types from published studies, a sample large enough for stratification of core Halstead-Reitan measures by age and education was obtained (206 studies, N1 = 17,980). Comparisons based on T scores with two published normative systems in an outpatient sample produced a continuum: liberal norms for medical patients, intermediate pooled values from many types of subjects, and stringent norms for community volunteers. Features recommending clinical application of pooled norms include enhanced accuracy in clinical situations precluding a full battery, few empty cells or inversions for nonelderly subjects, and a screening application based upon a very large Trail Making Test sample (Trails B: n > 14,000).
《哈尔斯特德-雷坦神经心理学测验成套测验》为神经心理学评估提供了一个多方面的、有经验支持的解释框架，其基础是基于脑损伤样本的原始分数。补充方法使用来自正常样本的 T 分数，这些正常样本通常由社区志愿者或医疗患者组成，并通过回归进行扩充。通过汇集来自已发表研究的所有类型的正常对照，获得了一个足够大的样本，可以按年龄和教育程度对核心哈尔斯特德-雷坦测量进行分层（206 项研究，N1=17980）。在门诊样本中，基于 T 分数与两个已发表的规范系统进行的比较产生了一个连续体：针对医疗患者的宽松规范、来自多种类型受试者的中间汇总值以及针对社区志愿者的严格规范。推荐使用汇总规范进行临床应用的特征包括：在排除完整测试的情况下，在临床情况下提高准确性、对于非老年受试者，空单元格或反转的情况较少、以及基于非常大的 Trail Making Test 样本的筛选应用（Trails B：n>14000）。
