使用全球定位和心率监测系统测量的纯种平地赛马中各种速度指标与训练反应的关联。

The association of various speed indices to training responses in Thoroughbred flat racehorses measured with a global positioning and heart rate monitoring system.

作者信息

Fonseca R G, Kenny D A, Hill E W, Katz L M

机构信息

Sections of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.

出版信息

Equine Vet J Suppl. 2010 Nov(38):51-7. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00272.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00272.x

PMID:21058982

Abstract

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY

Fitness assessment can be challenging. The use of global positioning systems (GPS) with heart rate (HR) monitors has been promising; however, evaluation of speed parameters during training has not been reported.

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate speed indices during training in Thoroughbreds using a GPS-HR monitor.

METHODS

Thoroughbreds (n = 102) were assessed during training with data collected each work day (WD; sprinting). Speed indices evaluated included maximal velocity (V(max)), duration at V(max) (V(maxt)), acceleration rate (m/s(2)) from 800 m to V(max) (Acc800-V(max)), the distance (m) 6 (V(maxD6)) and 12 (V(maxD12)) s before (acceleration [a]) and after (deceleration [d]) V(max) and the deceleration rate from V(max) to the finish (V(maxDFd)). Blood for plasma lactate ([LA]) and creatine kinase ([CK]) measurements were taken before (T(0)), 5 mins (T(1)) and 6 h after exercise (T(2)). WD accumulation, jockey, gallop condition, horse gender, age, total distance covered (DistT), maximum HR (HR(max)), velocity at 200 beats/min (V(200)) and velocity at maximum HR (VHR(max)) for each WD were evaluated for associations with [LA], [CK], speed indices and racing performance. Data were analysed by repeated measures ANOVA with P < 0.05 significant.

RESULTS

No speed parameter clearly changed with training. Gallop condition affected V(max), V(maxt) and all distances covered with V(max) and distances increasing and V(maxt) decreasing as gallop surface became firmer. Jockey influenced V(max), V(maxD6a) and all decelerations, while DistT was inversely associated with Acc800-V(max), HR(max) and V(200) and positively associated with V(max), all accelerations and decelerations. [LA] at T(1) was positively associated with DistT and V(maxDFd).

CONCLUSIONS

Speed parameters did not change with training but were affected by jockey, gallop condition and exercise distance. This information may help to modify training to maximise fitness, minimise injury and choose distances best suited for individuals.

摘要

开展本研究的原因

体能评估可能具有挑战性。将全球定位系统（GPS）与心率（HR）监测器结合使用前景广阔；然而，训练期间速度参数的评估尚未见报道。

目的

使用GPS-HR监测器评估纯种马训练期间的速度指标。

方法

在训练期间对纯种马（n = 102）进行评估，每个工作日（WD；短跑）收集数据。评估的速度指标包括最大速度（V(max)）、V(max)持续时间（V(maxt)）、从800米到V(max)的加速度（m/s²）（Acc800-V(max)）、V(max)前6秒（V(maxD6)）和12秒（V(maxD12)）以及V(max)后6秒（加速[a]）和12秒（减速[d]）的距离（米），以及从V(max)到终点的减速度（V(maxDFd)）。在运动前（T(0)）、运动后5分钟（T(1)）和6小时（T(2)）采集血液用于测量血浆乳酸（[LA]）和肌酸激酶（[CK]）。评估每个WD的WD累积量、骑师、疾驰条件、马匹性别、年龄、总距离（DistT）、最大心率（HR(max)）、200次/分钟时的速度（V(200)）和最大心率时的速度（VHR(max)）与[LA]、[CK]、速度指标和比赛成绩之间的关联。采用重复测量方差分析进行数据分析，P < 0.05为有显著差异。

结果

没有速度参数随训练明显变化。疾驰条件影响V(max)、V(maxt)以及所有以V(max)覆盖的距离，随着疾驰表面变得更坚实，距离增加而V(maxt)减小。骑师影响V(max)、V(maxD6a)和所有减速度，而DistT与Acc800-V(max)、HR(max)和V(200)呈负相关，与V(max)、所有加速度和减速度呈正相关。T(1)时的[LA]与DistT和V(maxDFd)呈正相关。