Gobba Fabriziomaria, Bacis M, Capodaglio E, De Michieli P, Larese F, Occhionero V
Cattedra di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italy.
G Ital Med Lav Ergon. 2010 Jul-Sep;32(3):223-6.
To date, scant attention has been devoted to the occupational risk related to repetitive movements in health personnel. Using three database, PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE, we found 57 papers on this topic, and on possibly related upper limb symptoms and diseases. In these studies, evaluation of the risk, e.g. using the methods currently applied in industry, are lacking. Although in several studies data on the prevalence of upper limb symptoms and disorders are presented, a comparison of results is difficult as different methods were applied. Furthermore, a comparison with adequate controls is frequently lacking, and/or correlation with the risk was not studied. Despite these limitations, an overall evaluation of the results shows that in health personnel the prevalence of upper limb symptoms/disorders is generally high. Highest prevalences were observed for the neck, shoulder, wrist/hand symptoms and for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) in dental personnel, for symptoms to the neck, shoulder and wrist/hand in sonographers, and to the neck, shoulder, elbow, and, especially, wrist/hand in laboratory technicians using manual pipettes. In the nursing personnel highly variable prevalences were observed; this is possibly due to the variability of the tasks performed by this occupational group. Repetitive movements of upper limb are a known risk factor for symptoms to the neck, shoulder, elbow, and wrist/hand, and some disorders, as CTS: the high prevalences observed in health workers may be related to this risk. Nevertheless, other factors such as effort, posture and precision work may play an important role too. As a conclusion, available data are insufficient for an adequate evaluation of the occupational risk related to repetitive movements in health workers.
迄今为止，很少有人关注卫生人员中与重复性动作相关的职业风险。我们通过三个数据库，即PubMed、Scopus和EMBASE，找到了57篇关于该主题以及可能相关的上肢症状和疾病的论文。在这些研究中，缺乏对风险的评估，例如使用目前工业中应用的方法。尽管在一些研究中呈现了上肢症状和疾病的患病率数据，但由于应用了不同的方法，结果难以比较。此外，经常缺乏与适当对照组的比较，和/或未研究与风险的相关性。尽管存在这些局限性，但对结果的总体评估表明，卫生人员中上肢症状/疾病的患病率普遍较高。在牙科人员中，颈部、肩部、手腕/手部症状以及腕管综合征（CTS）的患病率最高；在超声检查人员中，颈部、肩部和手腕/手部症状的患病率较高；在使用手动移液器的实验室技术人员中，颈部、肩部、肘部，尤其是手腕/手部症状的患病率较高。在护理人员中观察到的患病率差异很大；这可能是由于该职业群体执行任务的多样性所致。上肢的重复性动作是导致颈部、肩部、肘部和手腕/手部症状以及一些疾病（如CTS）的已知风险因素：卫生工作者中观察到的高患病率可能与此风险有关。然而，其他因素，如用力、姿势和精细工作，也可能起重要作用。总之，现有数据不足以充分评估卫生工作者中与重复性动作相关的职业风险。
