Stenfors L E, Räisänen S
Department of Otolaryngology, Central Hospital of Keski-Pohjanmaa, Kokkola, Finland.
Acta Otolaryngol. 1990 Jan-Feb;109(1-2):142-8. doi: 10.3109/00016489009107426.
Colonization of middle ear pathogens (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and B. catarrhalis), potential pathogens (S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci) and non-pathogens was determined quantitatively on the posterior wall of the nasopharynx (NPH) of children (four age groups: under 2 years, 2-5 years, 6-10 years and 11-15 years). None of the 90 individuals examined was suffering at the time of bacterial sampling from acute otitis media (AOM), sinusitis, or tonsillitis. All individuals under 2 years of age harboured middle ear pathogens in the NPH, but only 40% of the individuals of the oldest age group (p less than 0.001). Furthermore, in the youngest group, 57% of the cases had pathogens in the NPH, which completely dominated the bacterial flora, i.e. constituted more than 90% of the total bacterial count when calculated as CFU/cm2. The corresponding count in the oldest age group was only 20% (p less than 0.01). One important reason for the high incidence of AOM among young children in particular seems to be the noticeable accumulation of middle ear pathogens in huge quantities in the NPH in this age group.
对儿童（四个年龄组：2岁以下、2 - 5岁、6 - 10岁和11 - 15岁）鼻咽后壁（NPH）中的中耳病原体（肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌和卡他莫拉菌）、潜在病原体（金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌）和非病原体进行了定量测定。在进行细菌采样时，90名接受检查的个体中没有一人患有急性中耳炎（AOM）、鼻窦炎或扁桃体炎。所有2岁以下的个体鼻咽后壁中都携带有中耳病原体，但最年长年龄组中只有40%的个体携带（p < 0.001）。此外，在最年幼的年龄组中，57%的病例鼻咽后壁中有病原体，这些病原体完全主导了细菌菌群，即以CFU/cm²计算时占细菌总数的90%以上。最年长年龄组中的相应比例仅为20%（p < 0.01）。尤其是幼儿中AOM发病率高的一个重要原因似乎是该年龄组鼻咽后壁中大量明显积聚的中耳病原体。
