Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2011 Feb;300(2):F291-300. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00082.2010. Epub 2010 Nov 10.
Transgenic mice have had a tremendous impact on biomedical research. Most researchers are familiar with transgenic mice that carry Cre recombinase (Cre) and how they are used to create conditional knockouts. However, some researchers are less familiar with many of the other types of transgenic mice and their applications. For example, transgenic mice can be used to study biochemical and molecular pathways in primary cultures and cell suspensions derived from transgenic mice, cell-cell interactions using multiple fluorescent proteins in the same mouse, and the cell cycle in real time and in the whole animal, and they can be used to perform deep tissue imaging in the whole animal, follow cell lineage during development and disease, and isolate large quantities of a pure cell type directly from organs. These novel transgenic mice and their applications provide the means for studying of molecular and biochemical events in the whole animal that was previously limited to cell cultures. In conclusion, transgenic mice are not just for generating knockouts.
转基因小鼠对生物医学研究产生了巨大的影响。大多数研究人员都熟悉携带 Cre 重组酶 (Cre) 的转基因小鼠，以及如何利用它们来创建条件性敲除。然而，一些研究人员对许多其他类型的转基因小鼠及其应用了解较少。例如，转基因小鼠可用于研究源自转基因小鼠的原代培养物和细胞悬液中的生化和分子途径、在同一只小鼠中使用多种荧光蛋白进行细胞-细胞相互作用、实时观察整个动物的细胞周期，以及在整个动物中进行深部组织成像、在发育和疾病过程中跟踪细胞谱系，以及直接从器官中分离大量纯细胞类型。这些新型转基因小鼠及其应用为研究整个动物体内以前仅限于细胞培养的分子和生化事件提供了手段。总之，转基因小鼠不仅仅是用于产生敲除。
