U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Services, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Appetite. 2011 Feb;56(1):194-204. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2010.11.001. Epub 2010 Nov 9.
Previous research supports a relationship between psychological stress and chronic disease in Puerto Rican adults living in the Boston, Massachusetts area. Stress may affect health by influencing dietary and physical activity patterns. Therefore, perceived stress and two hypothesized mediators of stress-related food intake, insulin and cortisol, were examined for possible associations with dietary and activity patterns in >1300 Puerto Ricans (aged 45-75 years; 70% women) living in the Boston, Massachusetts area. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and ANCOVA. Greater perceived stress was associated with lower fruit, vegetable, and protein intake, greater consumption of salty snacks, and lower participation in physical activity. Stress was associated with higher intake of sweets, particularly in those with type 2 diabetes. Cortisol and stress were positively associated in those without diabetes. Cortisol was associated with higher intake of saturated fat and, in those with diabetes, sweet foods. Independent of diabetes, perceived stress was associated with higher circulating insulin and BMI. Our findings support a link between stress, cortisol, and dietary and activity patterns in this population. For high-sugar foods, this relationship may be particularly important in those with type 2 diabetes. Longitudinal research to determine causal pathways for these identified associations is warranted.
先前的研究支持波多黎各成年人在马萨诸塞州波士顿地区生活时，心理压力与慢性疾病之间存在关联。压力可能通过影响饮食和身体活动模式来影响健康。因此，在马萨诸塞州波士顿地区生活的 >1300 名波多黎各成年人（年龄在 45-75 岁之间；70%为女性）中，研究了感知压力以及与压力相关的食物摄入的两个假设中介物（胰岛素和皮质醇）与饮食和活动模式之间的可能关联。使用多元线性回归和方差分析对数据进行了分析。感知压力越大，水果、蔬菜和蛋白质的摄入量越低，咸零食的摄入量越高，身体活动的参与度越低。压力与甜食的摄入量增加有关，尤其是在 2 型糖尿病患者中。在没有糖尿病的人中，皮质醇与压力呈正相关。皮质醇与饱和脂肪的摄入量增加有关，在糖尿病患者中，与甜食的摄入量增加有关。无论是否患有糖尿病，感知压力都与循环胰岛素和 BMI 升高有关。我们的研究结果支持在该人群中压力、皮质醇与饮食和活动模式之间的联系。对于高糖食品，对于 2 型糖尿病患者，这种关系可能尤为重要。需要进行前瞻性研究以确定这些关联的因果途径。
