Medical School, Department of Endocrinology, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Int J Sports Med. 2010 Dec;31(12):860-5. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1267158. Epub 2010 Nov 11.
The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses that in obese children: 1) hypocaloric diet (D) improves both heart rate recovery at 1 min (Δ HRR1) cfter an exercise test, and cardiac autonomic nervous system activity (CANSA) in obese children; 2) Diet and exercise training (DET) combined leads to greater improvement in both Δ HRR1 after an exercise test and in CANSA, than D alone. Moreover, we examined the relationships among Δ HRR1, CANSA, cardiorespiratory fitness and anthropometric variables (AV) in obese children submitted to D and to DET. 33 obese children (10 ± 0.2 years; body mass index (BMI) >95 (th) percentile) were divided into 2 groups: D (n=15; BMI=31 ± 1 kg/m²)) and DET (n=18; 29 ± 1 kg/m²). All children performed a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test on a treadmill. The Δ HRR1 or LF/HF ratio (P>0.05). In contrast, the DET group showed increased peak VO₂ ( P=0.01) and improved Δ HRR1 (Δ HRR1=37.3 ± 2.6; P=0.01) and LF/HF ratio ( P=0.001). The DET group demonstrated significant relationships among Δ HRR1, peak VO₂ and CANSA (P<0.05). In conclusion, DET, in contrast to D, promoted improved ÄΔ HRR1 and CANSA in obese children, suggesting a positive influence of increased levels of cardiorespiratory fitness by exercise training on cardiac autonomic activity.
1）低热量饮食（D）可改善肥胖儿童运动试验后 1 分钟时的心率恢复（Δ HRR1）和心脏自主神经活动（CANSA）；2）饮食和运动训练（DET）的联合应用可使运动试验后 Δ HRR1 和 CANSA 的改善程度大于 D 单独应用；3）我们还研究了接受 D 和 DET 的肥胖儿童中Δ HRR1、CANSA、心肺功能适应性和人体测量变量（AV）之间的关系。33 名肥胖儿童（10±0.2 岁；体重指数（BMI）>95 百分位数）分为 2 组：D 组（n=15；BMI=31±1kg/m²）和 DET 组（n=18；BMI=29±1kg/m²）。所有儿童均在跑步机上进行最大心肺运动试验。与 D 组相比，DET 组的峰值 VO₂显著增加（ P=0.01），Δ HRR1（Δ HRR1=37.3±2.6； P=0.01）和 LF/HF 比值（ P=0.001）也显著改善。DET 组中Δ HRR1、峰值 VO₂和 CANSA 之间存在显著相关性（ P<0.05）。总之，与 D 相比，DET 可改善肥胖儿童的 Δ HRR1 和 CANSA，表明运动训练可增加心肺功能适应性，从而对心脏自主活动产生积极影响。
