Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2011 Jan;20(1):84-8. doi: 10.1097/MNH.0b013e3283414d40.
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is critical for cardiovascular control, impacting normal physiology and disease pathogenesis. Although several biologically active peptides are generated by this system, its major actions are mediated by angiotensin II acting through its type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) receptors. Along with their effects to influence blood pressure and hemodynamics, recent studies have provided evidence that angiotensin receptors influence a range of processes independent from hemodynamic effects.
This review is focused on new molecular mechanisms underlying actions of AT1 receptors to influence vasoconstriction, inflammation, immune responses, and longevity. Moreover, we also highlight new advances in understanding functions of the AT2 receptor in end-organ damage, emphasizing the AT2 receptor as a potential therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases.
Here we review recent advances in understanding the role of angiotensin receptors in normal physiology and disease states, focusing on their properties that may contribute to blood pressure regulation, end-organ damage, autoimmune disease and longevity.
肾素-血管紧张素系统（RAS）对于心血管控制至关重要，影响正常生理和疾病发病机制。虽然该系统产生了几种具有生物活性的肽，但它的主要作用是通过血管紧张素 II 介导的，通过其 1 型（AT1）和 2 型（AT2）受体。除了其影响血压和血液动力学的作用外，最近的研究还提供了证据，表明血管紧张素受体影响一系列独立于血液动力学效应的过程。
本综述重点介绍了 AT1 受体影响血管收缩、炎症、免疫反应和寿命的新分子机制。此外，我们还强调了理解 AT2 受体在终末器官损伤中的作用的新进展，强调 AT2 受体是心血管疾病潜在的治疗靶点。
本文综述了血管紧张素受体在正常生理和疾病状态中的作用的最新进展，重点介绍了其可能有助于血压调节、终末器官损伤、自身免疫性疾病和寿命的特性。
