Centro de Metabolismo em Exercício Físico e Nutrição, Departamento de Saúde Pública, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2010 Nov-Dec;86(6):497-502. doi: 10.2223/JPED.2041. Epub 2010 Nov 12.
To analyze associations between health-related physical fitness and the anthropometric and demographic indicators of children at three elementary schools in Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
The sample for this cross-sectional study was 988 elementary school students, recruited from the second to ninth grades (an age range of 7 to 15 years). The children underwent anthropometric assessment (weight, height, waist circumference and tricipital and subscapular skin folds) and were tested for health-related physical fitness (flexibility: sit and reach test; abdominal strength/stamina: 1-minute abdominal test; and aerobic stamina: 9-minute running/walking test). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics plus Student's t test, the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and logistic regression with a significance level of 5%.
The physical fitness levels observed were significantly influenced by age (all levels), sex (abdominal strength/stamina), obesity (all levels), body adiposity (flexibility, abdominal strength/stamina) and abdominal adiposity (abdominal strength/stamina and aerobic stamina). Females were more prone to be unfit in abdominal strength/stamina. Both obesity and excessive abdominal adiposity predisposed children to be unfit in abdominal strength/stamina and aerobic stamina. Excess body adiposity increased the likelihood of poor trunk flexibility.
Unhealthy physical fitness levels were related to female sex, obesity and excessive abdominal adiposity. Implementing programs designed to effect lifestyle changes to achieve physical fitness and healthy nutrition in these schools would meet the objectives of promoting healthy body weight and increased physical fitness among these schoolchildren.
分析巴西博图卡图三所小学儿童健康相关身体素质与人体测量学和人口统计学指标之间的关联。
本横断面研究的样本为 988 名小学生，从二年级到九年级（年龄范围为 7 至 15 岁）招募。对儿童进行人体测量评估（体重、身高、腰围和三头肌和肩胛下皮褶），并进行健康相关身体素质测试（柔韧性：坐立前屈测试；腹部力量/耐力：1 分钟仰卧起坐测试；有氧耐力：9 分钟跑步/步行测试）。使用描述性统计数据加学生 t 检验、卡方检验或 Fisher 精确检验和逻辑回归进行数据分析，显著性水平为 5%。
观察到的身体素质水平显著受年龄（所有水平）、性别（腹部力量/耐力）、肥胖（所有水平）、体脂（柔韧性、腹部力量/耐力）和腹部脂肪（腹部力量/耐力和有氧耐力）的影响。女性更容易在腹部力量/耐力方面表现不佳。肥胖和过多的腹部脂肪使儿童容易在腹部力量/耐力和有氧耐力方面表现不佳。过多的体脂增加了躯干柔韧性不佳的可能性。
不健康的身体素质水平与女性、肥胖和过多的腹部脂肪有关。在这些学校实施旨在改变生活方式的计划，以实现身体健康和健康营养，将满足促进这些学童健康体重和提高身体素质的目标。
