Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT, USA.
Lancet. 2011 Mar 5;377(9768):849-62. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60667-8.
Ebola viruses are the causative agents of a severe form of viral haemorrhagic fever in man, designated Ebola haemorrhagic fever, and are endemic in regions of central Africa. The exception is the species Reston Ebola virus, which has not been associated with human disease and is found in the Philippines. Ebola virus constitutes an important local public health threat in Africa, with a worldwide effect through imported infections and through the fear of misuse for biological terrorism. Ebola virus is thought to also have a detrimental effect on the great ape population in Africa. Case-fatality rates of the African species in man are as high as 90%, with no prophylaxis or treatment available. Ebola virus infections are characterised by immune suppression and a systemic inflammatory response that causes impairment of the vascular, coagulation, and immune systems, leading to multiorgan failure and shock, and thus, in some ways, resembling septic shock.
埃博拉病毒是一种在人类中引起严重病毒性出血热（称为埃博拉出血热）的病原体，在中非地区流行。唯一的例外是雷斯顿埃博拉病毒，它与人类疾病无关，在菲律宾发现。埃博拉病毒在非洲构成了重要的当地公共卫生威胁，通过输入性感染和对生物恐怖主义滥用的恐惧，对全球产生影响。埃博拉病毒也被认为对非洲的大型猿类种群有不利影响。在人类中，非洲物种的病死率高达 90%，目前尚无预防或治疗方法。埃博拉病毒感染的特征是免疫抑制和全身性炎症反应，导致血管、凝血和免疫系统受损，导致多器官衰竭和休克，因此在某些方面类似于感染性休克。
