Lehnerdt G, Peraud A, Berghaus A, Hoffmann T K, Sommer K, Rotter N, Lang S
Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany.
HNO. 2011 Jan;59(1):75-86; quiz 87-8. doi: 10.1007/s00106-010-2162-2.
Orbital and intracranial complications of acute sinusitis occur more frequently in the pediatric population compared to adults due to anatomic differences. Since the introduction of antibiotics the frequency of such complications has been dramatically reduced. Nevertheless, even in the era of modern antibiotics these complications continue to occur and it is therefore of utmost importance not only to know about these complications but also to include them in the differential diagnosis. Appropriate diagnosis mainly based on CT scanning or magnetic resonance tomography is the basis for a rapid and sufficient and if necessary interdisciplinary treatment. In this CME article the diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in four young patients suffering from orbital or intracranial complications due to acute sinusitis are described and discussed in the context of the current literature and a clinical algorithm is introduced.
由于解剖学差异，与成人相比，小儿急性鼻窦炎的眶内和颅内并发症更为常见。自抗生素问世以来，此类并发症的发生率已大幅降低。然而，即使在现代抗生素时代，这些并发症仍会发生，因此不仅要了解这些并发症，还要将其纳入鉴别诊断，这至关重要。基于计算机断层扫描（CT）或磁共振成像（MRI）的恰当诊断是快速、充分且必要时进行多学科治疗的基础。在这篇继续医学教育文章中，结合当前文献描述并讨论了4例因急性鼻窦炎导致眶内或颅内并发症的年轻患者的诊断和治疗干预措施，并介绍了一种临床算法。
