Baylor University Medical Center, Ob/Gyn, Dallas, TX 75246, USA.
Glob Public Health. 2011;6(4):421-32. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2010.523708.
In Guatemala, as in many places throughout the world, millions of indigenous people cook over non-ventilated indoor open fires. Indoor air pollution and accidental burns are well-known problems attributed to such fires. Efforts have been made to improve health outcomes by placing more efficient vented stoves in homes to decrease such exposure. The purpose of this study is to see if there are any measurable improvements in health outcomes after placement of such stoves within a community. Specifically, this study is designed to evaluate the health effects of placement of the ONIL stove, a rocket-style stove that has been shown to decrease household carbon monoxide (CO) levels and wood-fuel use. The ONIL stove was installed in more than 90% of the homes in Santa Avelina, Quiche, Guatemala between 2002 and 2006. The number of clinic visits per year for acute upper- and lower-respiratory illnesses in this village was compared for the years 2002 and 2006. Clinic visits for upper- and lower-respiratory illnesses combined decreased by 26%, and for acute lower respiratory solely, by 45% between 2002 and 2006. This study suggests that the placement of an improved vented stove may be associated with a corresponding decrease in acute respiratory illnesses.
在危地马拉，就像在世界上许多地方一样，数以百万计的土著人在没有通风的室内明火上做饭。室内空气污染和意外烧伤是众所周知的问题，这些问题归因于此类火灾。为了减少此类暴露，人们已经努力通过在家庭中放置更高效的通风炉来改善健康结果。本研究的目的是观察在社区内放置此类炉灶后是否对健康结果有任何可衡量的改善。具体来说，本研究旨在评估放置 ONIL 炉灶（一种火箭式炉灶）对健康的影响，这种炉灶已被证明可以降低家庭中的一氧化碳 (CO) 水平和木柴使用量。ONIL 炉灶于 2002 年至 2006 年间在危地马拉基切省圣阿韦利纳安装在 90%以上的家庭中。比较了该村庄 2002 年和 2006 年每年因急性上呼吸道和下呼吸道疾病就诊的次数。2002 年至 2006 年间，上呼吸道和下呼吸道合并疾病的就诊次数减少了 26%，急性下呼吸道疾病的就诊次数减少了 45%。本研究表明，放置改进的通风炉可能与急性呼吸道疾病的相应减少有关。
