The use of telemedicine in pediatric psychology: research review and current applications.

Several novel technologies have long been used in pediatric psychology. From using electronic pill-count bottles to track child adherence to pill-taking regimens to using bed alarms for night time enuresis, psychologists have relied on technology in their work with children who are ill. Much of the recent technology literature in pediatric psychology has focused on the use of the Internet and other Web-based technologies. This article thoroughly reviews the literature regarding telehealth in the field of pediatric psychology, more specifically the application of televideo or teleconferencing in various populations of children and adolescents with chronic illnesses, followed by the authors' clinical and research applications of telehealth in pediatric psychology. The review concludes with a summary of study findings and future directions in the field for clinicians and researchers alike.